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人体慢性低剂量农药暴露的生物学监测对于评估农药暴露对人体健康的影响有重要意义。生物学监测的标本来源除了目前使用广泛的尿液及血液标本,唾液、汗水、头发等也被用作农药暴露的生物学监测。监测的指标可以直接检测各种生物标本中的农药本身的化学物质及其代谢产物的含量,还可以通过间接指标如酶学、神经递质、DNA、蛋白质进行检测。选择合适的生物学监测方法可以为正确评估人体农药暴露提供有力的依据。本文对目前人体慢性低剂量农药暴露的生物学监测方法进行综述。
Biological monitoring of human chronic low-dose pesticide exposure is important for assessing the impact of pesticide exposure on human health. In addition to the currently widely used urine and blood samples, saliva, sweat, hair and the like are also used as biological monitors for pesticide exposure. Monitoring indicators can directly detect a variety of biological samples of pesticides in their own chemical substances and their metabolites, but also by indirect indicators such as enzymes, neurotransmitters, DNA, protein detection. Choosing the appropriate biological monitoring method can provide a valid basis for the correct assessment of human pesticide exposure. This review summarizes the current biological monitoring methods of chronic low dose pesticides exposure in human body.