李鸿章等人在借洋枪队镇压太平天国运动中领略了铁甲洋炮的厉害,也看到了世界在变。“欧洲诸国,百十年来,由印度而南洋,由南洋而中国,闯入边界腹地,凡前史所未载,亘古所未通,无不款关而求互市……此三千余年的大变局也。”在李鸿章看来, Li Hung-chang and others in the campaign to suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom by the foreign gun crew appreciated the powerful armored artillery and also saw the world changing. “European countries, hundreds of years, from India and Nanyang, from Nanyang and China, broke into the hinterland of the border, where the pre-history has not contained, eternity unmanifested, all the money and customs clearance and mutual exchange market ... ... more than three thousand years The big change is also. ”In Li Hongzhang it seems,