出血热是一组由病毒引起的自然疫源性急性传染病.临床表现以发热、出血、肾损害为特征者,称流行性出血热(EHF),又名肾综合征出血热(HFRS).EHF亦是国内引起急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)的首位病因.本文就HFRS作一简要介绍. 一、病理生理HFRS最基本的病理生理变化为全身广泛性小血管损害、血管麻痹扩张、血管脆性和通透性增加,大量血浆外渗,血液循环障碍,皮肤粘膜广泛性充血、水肿与出血.肾脏和其他器官的出血、变性和坏死.由于血液浓缩、循环血量减少,神经内分泌的失调、低血压和休克的发生,又加剧DIC的形成,继之而来的是少尿和ARF.有关HFRS的发病机制尚未完全明白,近十年来,许多学者对免疫反应在本病的发生发展过程中的地位有了较深入的研究.认为病毒感染 Hemorrhagic fever is a group of naturally transmitted acute infectious diseases caused by viruses, characterized by fever, hemorrhage and renal damage, and is called epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF), also known as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). EHF is also the first cause of acute renal failure (ARF) in China.This paper gives a brief introduction of HFRS.First, the pathophysiology of pathophysiology HFRS basic pathophysiological changes of extensive small vessel damage, vascular paralysis expansion, vascular fragility and Increased permeability, extensive plasma extravasation, blood circulation disorders, extensive hyperemia of the mucous membranes of the skin, edema and hemorrhage, hemorrhages, degeneration and necrosis of the kidneys and other organs. Due to blood concentration, circulating blood volume decreases, neuroendocrine disorders are low Blood pressure and shock, but also exacerbated the formation of DIC, followed by oliguria and ARF.The pathogenesis of HFRS is not yet fully understood, the past decade, many scholars on the immune response in the occurrence and development of this disease The status has been more in-depth study that the virus infection