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棘輪一般主要用来作为机械中防止逆转的制逆装置和间歇传动之用。在起重运输与棬掦机械中,常用此种机械。它可以制住载荷在任意的高度。它是由带有特殊形状的齒的棘輪1,与沿C轴回转的爪2所组成(如图一)。当起重载荷时(在图中棘輪的軸是逆时针回转),爪2沿齒滑动,不妨礙迴转;当棘輪企图顺时针迴转时,它的齒便被支撑住。爪轴C以设于垂直於直线KO的KC上比较合適;在这种情况下,压于爪上的承担载荷与传到爪軸上的力,其值为最小。爪之附着於輪,是靠自身重量或靠弹簧作(如图一中虚线所表示)。
Ratchet is generally used mainly as a mechanical counter-rotating device to prevent reversal and intermittent use. In the lifting of transport and 棬 掦 machinery, commonly used such machinery. It can hold loads at any height. It consists of a specially shaped tooth ratchet 1, and along the C-axis rotation of the claw 2 (Figure 1). When the load is lifted (the ratchet shaft is counterclockwise in the figure), the pawl 2 slides along the teeth without hindering the rotation; when the ratchet attempts to rotate clockwise, its teeth are supported. It is preferable that the claw shaft C be provided on a KC perpendicular to the straight line K0; in this case, the value of the load applied to the claw and the force transmitted to the claw shaft are minimum. Claw attached to the wheel, is by their own weight or by spring (as shown in a dotted line in Figure 1).