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[目的]用RAPD和AFLP技术对采自主产区不同地域的2份野生天麻和7份栽培天麻进行多态性和聚类分析,研究天麻的遗传多样性及其原因。[方法]用酚-氯仿法提取的基因组DNA,经RAPD及AFLP程序扩增后分别用琼脂糖凝胶和PAGE电泳检测,使用NTSYSpc-2.10s软件的UPGMA方法对检测结果进行聚类。[结果]用RAPD和AFLP数据得到的聚类图相似,来自不同地方和不同海拔高度的样品在聚类图上得以区分。天麻与蜜环菌之间没有共同条带。[结论]包括海拔在内的地域隔阂,而非人工种植可能是产生天麻种内遗传多样性的重要原因;虽然天麻靠消化侵入其皮层内部的蜜环菌菌丝提供营养而进行发育,但是它们之间没有DNA的相互作用。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the genetic diversity and its causes of Gastrodia elata Blume by using RAPD and AFLP techniques on the polymorphism and cluster analysis of 2 wild Gastrodia elata and 7 cultivated Gastrodia elata varieties collected from different regions in the main producing areas. [Method] The genomic DNA extracted by phenol - chloroform method was amplified by RAPD and AFLP programs, respectively, and then detected by agarose gel electrophoresis and PAGE electrophoresis. The results were clustered by UPGMA method using NTSYSpc-2.10s software. [Result] Similar to the clustering images obtained by RAPD and AFLP data, samples from different places and altitudes were distinguished on the cluster graph. There is no common band between Gastrodia and Armillaria. [Conclusion] The geographical barriers including elevation, but not artificial planting, may be the important reasons for the genetic diversity in Gastrodia elata. Although Gastrodia elata Blume grew and digested the diarrheal Mycorrhizal fungi mycelium in their cortex to provide nutrients to develop, but they There is no DNA interaction.