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目的了解遵义市居民碘营养水平,为碘盐浓度调整提供科学依据。方法采用人口比例概率抽样方法 (PPS)抽取5个市(县、区)碘缺乏病病情进行监测,在每县抽取8~10岁儿童40名和孕妇、哺乳期妇女各15名作为监测对象,采用B超检测法检测儿童甲状腺肿大情况并测定其尿碘以及家中食用盐的含碘量,同时采用3日称量法测算其食盐摄入量。孕妇和哺乳期妇女检测其尿碘浓度。未被抽取的9个市(县、区)各抽取100名8~10岁儿童尿碘进行监测。结果共检测200名8~10岁儿童的甲状腺,甲状腺肿大率为2.0%(4/200);共检测200份盐样,居民户碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率分别为100.0%(200/200)、98.0%(196/200);共检测儿童尿碘980份,尿碘中位数为323.2 ug/L,检测孕妇和哺乳期妇女尿碘150份,尿碘中位数为230.3 ug/L,60名学生家中食用盐摄入量平均值为11 g/d。结论建议根据人群碘营养水平适时调整盐碘浓度,对特殊人群可采取多种补碘方式来避免碘缺乏病的危害,真正做到科学补碘。
Objective To understand the level of iodine nutrition in residents of Zunyi and provide a scientific basis for the adjustment of iodine concentration. Methods PPS was used to monitor the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders in 5 cities (counties and districts). 40 children aged 8 to 10 and 15 pregnant women and 15 lactating women were selected as monitoring subjects in each county. B-detection method to detect children with goiter and determination of urinary iodine and iodine content of household salt, while the use of 3-day weighing method to measure salt intake. Pregnant and lactating women tested for urinary iodine concentrations. Urine iodine was monitored in 100 children aged 8 to 10 from 9 cities (counties and districts) that were not taken. Results A total of 200 thyroid gland samples of children aged 8 to 10 years were detected. The goiter rate was 2.0% (4/200). A total of 200 salt samples were collected. The coverage of iodized salt and the rate of qualified iodized salt were 100.0% 200/200) and 98.0% (196/200) respectively. A total of 980 urinary iodine were detected in children with a median urinary iodine of 323.2 ug / L. Urinary iodine was detected in pregnant women and lactating women. The median urinary iodine was 230.3 ug / L, 60 students in the average consumption of salt intake of 11 g / d. Conclusions It is suggested to adjust the concentration of salt and iodine according to the level of iodine nutrition of the population and to take various methods of iodine supplementation to avoid the harm of iodine deficiency disorders in special population so as to make scientific supplement of iodine.