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高危型人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)是诱发宫颈癌,肛门癌,外阴癌及部分头颈癌等多种肿瘤的主要原因。在病毒生命周期过程中,HPV E2蛋白通过与病毒自身及宿主基因组DNA及蛋白相作用,在病毒基因转录调控、病毒DNA的复制和维持中起到关键作用,其还对宿主细胞转录、RNA加工、凋亡、泛素化及胞内转运等多种活动产生影响,为病毒增殖创造有利的宿主细胞环境,并在HPV致病过程中发挥重要作用。为了解E2蛋白的各种功能及其与病毒和宿主DNA和蛋白作用情况、HPV病毒生活史、HPV病毒致病和致癌机制的研究均有着重要的意义。细致描述E2蛋白的功能可以帮助我们寻找病毒相关疾病治疗的新方法。本文以HPV16为重点,对高危型HPV E2蛋白结构、功能和活性相关研究的进展进行了综述。
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer, anal cancer, vulvar cancer and some head and neck cancer and other tumors. During the life cycle of a virus, the HPV E2 protein plays a key role in viral gene transcription and replication and maintenance of viral DNA through its interaction with the virus itself and with host genomic DNA and proteins, and it also plays a key role in host cell transcription, RNA processing , Apoptosis, ubiquitination and intracellular transport and other activities have an impact, for the proliferation of viruses to create a favorable host cell environment, and play an important role in HPV pathogenesis. In order to understand the function of E2 protein and its interaction with virus and host DNA and protein, the life history of HPV virus, pathogenesis of HPV virus and carcinogenesis are of great significance. A detailed description of the function of the E2 protein can help us find new ways to treat the virus-related diseases. In this paper, we focus on HPV16, and review the research progress on the structure, function and activity of high-risk HPV E2 protein.