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目的了解凉山州医务人员对艾滋病知识的认知及职业防护行为的现状,分析影响因素,为艾滋病相关知识培训及艾滋病防控工作提供指导依据。方法自制问卷,采用分层抽样方法,对凉山州78家医疗机构当日在岗的医务人员进行现场问卷调查,使用SAS 9.1软件进行统计描述。结果共回收有效问卷2 525份,艾滋病知识总得分为(32.11±6.47)分,高水平者占7.76%,中水平者占55.64%,低水平者占36.59%;艾滋病职业防护行为总得分为(34.96±12.23)分,高水平者占15.13%,中水平者占35.76%,低水平者占49.11%。年龄、工作年限、学历、既往是否接受艾滋病培训、接诊或护理过艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/病人等,是影响医务人员艾滋病知识认知的因素(P<0.0001);学历、专业、既往接受过艾滋病相关知识培训及接诊或护理过HIV感染者/病人,是影响医务人员职业防护行为的主要原因(P<0.0001);年龄、职称、工作年限对其职业防护水平差异无统计学意义。结论凉山州医务人员艾滋病相关知识和防护行为总体水平不高,与多种因素有关。各级医疗机构应加强艾滋病相关知识和职业防护培训,采取多样化培训方式,并为医务人员提供必要的防护用品。
Objective To understand the cognition of AIDS knowledge and the current status of occupational protection in medical staff in Liangshan Prefecture and to analyze the influencing factors so as to provide guidance for AIDS related knowledge training and AIDS prevention and control work. Methods Self-made questionnaires were used to survey medical staff in 78 medical institutions in Liangshan Prefecture on the spot by stratified sampling method and used SAS 9.1 software to carry out statistical description. Results A total of 2 525 valid questionnaires were collected. The total score of AIDS knowledge was (32.11 ± 6.47) points, with a high level of 7.76%, a middle level of 55.64% and a low level of 36.59%. The total score of HIV / AIDS occupational protection was ( 34.96 ± 12.23), accounting for 15.13% for the high level, 35.76% for the middle level and 49.11% for the low level. Age, working experience, education level, previous HIV / AIDS training, admissions or nursing care of HIV / AIDS patients were the factors affecting knowledge of HIV / AIDS among medical staff (P <0.0001); education, profession, (P <0.0001). There was no significant difference in age, professional title and length of service between occupational protection level and professional occupational protection status of HIV / AIDS patients . Conclusion The overall level of HIV / AIDS related knowledge and protective behaviors of medical workers in Liangshan Prefecture is not high, which is related to many factors. Medical institutions at all levels should strengthen AIDS-related knowledge and occupational protection training, adopt a variety of training methods, and provide necessary protective equipment for medical personnel.