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目的:了解儿童支气管哮喘急性发作的病原分布特点。方法:回顾性分析了2011年6月~2012年5月本院收治住院的173例支气管哮喘急性发作患儿的病原学检验资料。结果:5种常见呼吸道病毒:呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)、腺病毒(adenovirus,ADV)、甲型流感病毒(influenza A virus,INFA)、乙型流感病毒(influenza B virus,INFB)、副流感1-3型病毒(parainfluenza virus types 1-3,PIV1-3)的总检出率为55.1%,其中PIV1-3的检出率高达33.9%~42.3%。肺炎支原体(MP)在1~3岁、3~5岁和5岁以上儿童的检出率分别为17.1%、34.8%和42.3%,细菌的总检出率为40.9%。结论:南京地区支气管哮喘急性发作的主要诱因为病毒感染,其中PIV1-3为最主要的病原,MP感染在3岁以上哮喘急性发作儿童中占有重要比例。
Objective: To understand the distribution characteristics of children with acute attack of bronchial asthma. Methods: The etiological test data of 173 children with acute bronchial asthma admitted to our hospital from June 2011 to May 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The five common respiratory viruses were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), influenza A virus (INFA), influenza B virus (INFB ). The overall detection rate of parainfluenza virus types 1-3 (PIV1-3) was 55.1%, of which the detection rate of PIV1-3 was as high as 33.9% -42.3%. The detection rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) were 17.1%, 34.8% and 42.3% in children aged 1-3 years, 3-5 years and above 5 years respectively, and the total detection rate of bacteria was 40.9%. Conclusion: The main cause of acute bronchial asthma in Nanjing is viral infection. Among them, PIV1-3 is the most important pathogen, and MP infection is an important proportion of acute asthma children over 3 years of age.