党的十一届三中全会以来,我国农村实行了以家庭联产承包为主的责任制,并取得了举世瞩目的成绩。随着农村改革的深化和经济的发展,原来那种主要依靠手工劳动在小块土地上从事生产的小农业的弊病开始显露出来。在一部分经济发达地区,大批有一定知识文化的青壮年劳动力已在非农业部门从业,从事农业的劳动力的知识文化水平下降、年龄结构老化,兼业农尸数量增加。由于每个农户承包的土地数量少,而且零星、分散,农业劳动生产率提高缓慢,而非农产业的劳动生产率提高较快。在农户有生产经营自主权的条件下,农村经济资源势必向非农业部门倾斜,农民日益把 Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the responsibility system has been implemented in the rural areas of our country, which is mainly based on household contract-linked production and has achieved world-wide prominence. With the deepening of rural reform and economic development, the shortcomings of the original small-scale farming, which mainly relied on manual labor to produce on small plots, began to emerge. In some economically developed areas, a large number of young and middle-aged working people with a certain knowledge and culture have been employed in the non-agricultural sector. The knowledge and cultural level of the labor force engaged in agriculture has declined, the age structure has been aging, and the number of concurrent post-mortem work has increased. As the amount of land contracted by each farmer is small and fragmented, the productivity of agricultural labor increases slowly, while that of non-agricultural industries rises rapidly. Under the conditions that the peasants have the autonomy in production and operation, the rural economic resources will inevitably tilt to the non-agricultural sectors and the peasants increasingly use