一亚当·斯密是资产阶级古典政治经济学宏大体系的创建者,现代经济学的许多理论,都可以从斯密那里找到思想渊源。就经济发展理论而言,几乎所有学者都承认,这一理论可以上溯到斯密在1776年出版的《国民财富的性质和原因的研究》(以后简称《国富论》)这一不朽著作。在斯密那里,我们这里所说的经济发展问题,实际上就是国民财富的增长问题。斯密批判了重商主义关于财富源于对外贸易的错误观点,也抛弃了重农学派关于财富只存在于农业中的偏见,宣称一个国家内的国民财富就是所有生产部门所生产的商品总量,并把研究国民财富的性质及其产生和发展的条件,探求 Adam Smith is the founder of the grand system of bourgeois classical political economy. Many theories of modern economics can find the origin of his ideas from Smith. As far as economic development theory is concerned, almost all scholars admit that this theory can be traced back to the monumental work of Smith's Study of the Nature and Causes of National Wealth (hereinafter referred to as “Wealth of Nations”) published in 1776. In Smith's place, the issue of economic development we are talking about here is actually the growth of national wealth. Smith criticized the Mercantilist's erroneous view that wealth derives from foreign trade and discarded the prejudice of the agrarian school that wealth exists only in agriculture, claiming that the national wealth of a country is the total amount of commodities produced by all the productive sectors , And explores the nature of the national wealth and the conditions for its emergence and development