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以6个Reid改良自交系为母本,5个Non-Reid、DOM自交系为父本,采用NCⅡ设计,设6.0,7.5,9.0万株/hm~2密度梯度,对单株产量的F_1杂种优势和配合力进行了研究。结果表明:3种密度下,玉米单株产量杂种优势普遍存在,低密度下单株产量杂种优势较高,随密度增加,杂种优势降低,但改良系J1959在高密度下杂种优势却较高。杂交组合×密度的互作极显著存在,组合J2111×5AD宜在6.0万株/hm~2、J1959×5AD宜在9.0万株/hm~2能充分发挥增产作用。配合力方面,6.0万株/hm~2密度下,改良系J2111一般配合力效应最高,为7.09;7.5万株/hm~2和9.0万株/hm~2密度下,改良系J1959一般配合力效应均最高,分别为7.18和13.48,说明改良系J1959更适于密植环境;组合J1959×5AD的特殊配合力效应随密度增高而增高,分别为-2.14,3.13,9.32,组合J2111×S122的特殊配合力效应随密度增高而降低,分别为6.04,-2.19,-9.47,表明前者适于高密度环境,后者适于低密度环境。
Using 6 Reid improved inbred lines as female parent and 5 Non-Reid and DOM inbred lines as male parents, the NC Ⅱ design was used to establish a density gradient of 60, 75, 90 000 plants / hm ~ 2. F_1 heterosis and combining ability were studied. The results showed that under three densities, the heterosis of maize per unit sowing was widespread. Under low density, the heterosis of per plant was higher. With the increase of density, the heterosis decreased. However, the improved line J1959 had higher heterosis at high density. Hybridization × density of the extremely significant interaction, the combination of J2111 × 5AD should be 60,000 / hm ~ 2, J1959 × 5AD should be 90,000 / hm ~ 2 to give full play to the role of yield. In terms of combining ability, under the density of 60,000 plants / hm ~ 2, the general combining ability of modified line J2111 was the highest, which was 7.09; the average combining ability of improved line J1959 was 7500 plants / hm ~ 2 and 90,000 plants / hm ~ The effect was the highest, which was 7.18 and 13.48, respectively, indicating that the improved line J1959 was more suitable for close planting environment. The special combining ability of combination J1959 × 5AD increased with the increase of density, which were -2.14, 3.13 and 9.32, respectively The effects of combining ability decreased with the increasing of density, which were 6.04, -2.19 and -9.47, respectively, indicating that the former was suitable for high density environment and the latter for low density environment.