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陡坡耕地的水土流失对生态环境和农业可持续发展构成双重压力。以垄沟网格式耕作与秸杆覆盖相结合的土地保护性措施为基础 ,利用垄沟微域生态环境差异构建垄上粮食、沟内林果的农林复合种植模式 ,沟内林果实施矮密丰早管理。该模式水土保持作用强大 ,土壤侵蚀量仅为 0 .3T/hm2 ,削减径流95 % ,间套种植粮食与其他作物较常规种植增产 1 5 % ,增收 4 6 % ,发挥了较好的立体农业生态经济效益。本模式还可通过逐渐减小农作物的结构比重 ,调整农业生产结构 ,逐步实施退耕还林。
Soil and water loss on steep arable land has doubled the pressure on the ecological environment and sustainable agricultural development. Based on the land protection measures combined with the furrow-grid tillage and straw cover, the agro-forestry compound cropping pattern of the ridge and the ditch in the furrows was established based on the differences of ecological environment in the ditch micro-region. management. The soil and water conservation effect of this model is very strong. The soil erosion amount is only 0.3T / hm2, and the runoff is decreased by 95%. Compared with conventional cropping, grain crops and other crops increase by 15% and 46% respectively, and play a good three-dimensional agriculture Ecological and Economic Benefits. This model can also gradually reduce the proportion of the structure of agricultural crops, adjust the agricultural production structure and gradually implement the project of returning farmland to forestry.