论文部分内容阅读
针对传统温室人工施药时,药量分配不均匀、农药大量浪费的现象,探索温室施药的新方式,以提高农药利用率和作业效率。根据温室作业环境,研制一种适应于温室的风幕式静电施药机具,确定整机结构方案及关键部件技术参数。以出口风速为试验变量参数,以覆盖率、沉积量、覆盖率均匀度和沉积量均匀度为评价指标,分析了出口风速参数对施药效果的影响。综合流体力学和机械设计知识,计算确定出风口间距0.5 m,出风口半径0.012 5 m,风机功率3 k W。实现了风送、喷雾量和喷雾高度可调,出口风速0-35 m/s可调,喷头流量0.2-1.0 L/min可调,喷雾高度1.15-1.95 m可调。试验结果表明,出口风速为25 m/s时,相对于其他风速,沉积量和覆盖率达到较好的值,均匀度分别稳定在85%和75%。与传统人工施药相比,风幕式静电施药的雾滴穿透性高,分散程度高,可避免重复施药和减少农药施用量。同时,合理的气流参数会进一步提高机具施药效果。
In view of the phenomenon of artificial pesticide application in traditional greenhouses, the dose distribution is not uniform and a large amount of pesticides are wasted, a new way of greenhouse application is explored to improve pesticide utilization and operating efficiency. According to the greenhouse operating environment, the development of a curtain adapted to the greenhouse electrostatic spraying equipment, to determine the structure of the whole program and key components of the technical parameters. Taking the outlet velocity of wind as the experimental variable parameter, the influence of the outlet velocity on the spraying effect was analyzed with the covering rate, sedimentation rate, coverage uniformity and sediment uniformity as evaluation indexes. Based on the comprehensive knowledge of fluid mechanics and mechanical design, the calculated air outlet spacing is 0.5 m, the air outlet radius is 0.012 5 m, and the fan power is 3 kW. Air delivery is achieved. The spray volume and spray height are adjustable. The outlet air velocity is adjustable from 0 to 35 m / s. The flow rate of the spray head is adjustable from 0.2 to 1.0 L / min. The spray height is adjustable from 1.15 to 1.95 m. The experimental results show that when the outlet wind speed is 25 m / s, the deposition and coverage rate reach a good value compared with other wind speeds and the uniformity is stable at 85% and 75% respectively. Compared with the traditional artificial spraying, air curtain electrostatic spraying high penetration, high degree of dispersion, to avoid duplication and reduce the amount of pesticide application. At the same time, reasonable airflow parameters will further enhance the effectiveness of machine tooling.