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目的:探讨正常人直立于坚硬平板和海绵垫时,视觉、本体觉和前庭觉在维持姿势平衡中的整合作用。方法:106名正常人分别站立于坚硬平板和海绵垫上,每种站立在平面条件下,睁眼和闭眼各站立30s。分别记录不同感觉干扰条件下足底压力中心平均晃动速度(SV),作为姿势稳定性的参数,并定量分析视觉、本体觉和前庭觉在维持姿势平衡中的整合作用。结果:①在视觉或(和)本体觉受到干扰时,SV均增加,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);②当本体觉未被干扰及被干扰时,视觉条件的变化引起SV增加程度分别是(12.12±6.19)%和(30.58±9.69)%;当视觉条件未被干扰及被干扰时,本体觉变化导致的SV增加程度分别是(18.31±6.56)%和(36.25±8.90)%;而当视觉和本体觉同时受到干扰时,SV增加程度是(46.21±8.67)%;③在姿势平衡中起作用较大的是前庭觉,其次是本体觉和视觉,三者呈非线性关系。结论:利用海绵垫干扰本体觉,结合姿势描记可以记录不同感觉条件下姿势稳定性,并可定量分析视觉、本体觉和前庭觉在姿势平衡中的整合作用;人体维持平衡过程中,应用3种外周感觉的姿势策略差异较大;当1种或2种外周感觉信息被干扰时,中枢神经系统为维持姿势稳定,存在复杂的感觉整合机制。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the integration of visual, proprioceptive and vestibular sensation in maintaining posture balance when standing upright on hard plate and sponge pad. Methods: Six hundred and sixty normal individuals stood on hard slabs and sponge pads, each standing under planar conditions with 30 seconds standing and opening eyes. The mean sway velocities (SV) under different sensory disturbances were recorded as the parameters of posture stability, and the integration of visual, proprioceptive and vestibular sensation in maintaining posture balance was quantitatively analyzed. Results: ①When the visual or (and) ontology was disturbed, SV increased, with significant difference (P <0.01). ② When the ontology was not disturbed and disturbed, the change of visual condition caused the increase of SV (12.12 ± 6.19)% and (30.58 ± 9.69)%, respectively. When the visual condition was not disturbed and disturbed, the increase of SV due to the change of ontology was (18.31 ± 6.56)% and (36.25 ± 8.90)%, respectively %, While SV was increased by 46.21 ± 8.67% when visual and ontological disturbances were disturbed at the same time. The vestibular sensation plays a more important role in posture balance, followed by ontological sensation and vision, and the three are nonlinear relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Using sponge pad to interfere with the ontological sensation, postural tracings can be used to record the posture stability under different sensory conditions and to quantitatively analyze the integration of visual, proprioceptive and vestibular sensation in posture balance. During the balance maintenance, three types Peripheral sensory posture strategies vary greatly; when one or two peripheral sensory information is disturbed, the central nervous system maintains a stable posture with complex sensory integration mechanisms.