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目的:探讨直肠癌外科治疗的效果,提高围手术期的安全性及术后远期生存率。方法对2005年7月至2007年9月收治的47例直肠癌患者的临床表现、诊断、治疗及预后等资料进行回顾性分析。结果 47例直肠癌患者,早期诊断的只有4例,早期诊断率较低,仅为8.5%。患者手术时的年龄17～78岁,其中17～40岁13例,占27.7%,41～78岁34例,占72.3%。手术治疗44例,其中根治性切除37例,姑息性切除4例,单纯造瘘3例。3例患者拒绝或其他原因没接受外科治疗。根治性术后1、3、5年生存率,分别为100%、83.8%、62.2%。结论通过肠镜和放射性筛查探知,配合血液学实验,可提高直肠癌的早期诊断率。围手术期的妥善处理,根治性手术切除率的提高和手术方式的改良,可提高直肠癌患者术后的远期生存率。
Objective: To investigate the effect of surgical treatment of rectal cancer and improve perioperative safety and postoperative long-term survival. Methods The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of 47 patients with rectal cancer admitted from July 2005 to September 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Results 47 cases of rectal cancer patients, early diagnosis of only 4 cases, the early diagnosis rate is low, only 8.5%. The patients were 17-17 years of age at surgery, of which 13 were 17 to 40 years old (27.7%) and 34 (41-78), accounting for 72.3%. Surgical treatment of 44 cases, of which 37 cases of radical resection, palliative resection in 4 cases, simple fistula in 3 cases. Three patients refused or no reason to undergo surgical treatment. The 1, 3, 5 year survival rates after radical operation were 100%, 83.8% and 62.2% respectively. Conclusion Through colonoscopy and radioactive screening to explore, with hematology experiments, can improve the early diagnosis of rectal cancer. Proper perioperative management, radical surgical resection rate and improvement of surgical methods, can improve postoperative long-term survival of patients with rectal cancer.