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目的:研究吴江地区胎儿宫内汞暴露的现状以及影响脐带血汞值的各种高危因素。方法:采取整群法对入院产妇进行健康因素问卷调查,所分娩的新生儿(除多胎、出生缺陷外)做脐带血汞测定。结果:2 496例新生儿脐血汞均值为(2.02±1.97)μg/kg,其中男婴(1 287例)为(2.01±1.99)μg/kg,女婴(1 209例)为(2.04±1.94)μg/kg,性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。4～6月、10～12月分娩新生儿的脐带血汞均值明显高于1～3月、7～9月(P<0.01)。经多因素回归分析,居住环境、工种、较多食用海鱼或河鱼、镶牙、生活燃煤、化妆品使用、丈夫抽烟等与脐血汞值呈显著正相关。结论:除治理工业排放污染、加强涉汞工种劳动保护外,孕期避免生活中各种汞接触高危因素同样重要。
Objective: To study the present status of fetal intrauterine mercury exposure in Wujiang area and various risk factors that affect the mercury value of umbilical cord blood. Methods: A cluster analysis was conducted to investigate the health factors of hospitalized women. The newborn infants (excluding multiple births and birth defects) were tested for umbilical blood mercury level. Results: The mean of mercury in 2 496 newborn infants was (2.02 ± 1.97) μg / kg, which was (2.01 ± 1.99) μg / kg for male infants (1.28 ± 1.99) and 2.04 ± 1.94) μg / kg, no significant difference between the sexes (P> 0.05). From June to June, the average value of umbilical cord mercury in newborn infants from October to December was significantly higher than that in January to March and from July to September (P <0.01). By multivariate regression analysis, living environment, type of work, more consumption of marine fish or river fish, denture, living coal, cosmetics, smoking and other husband and umbilical cord blood mercury was significantly correlated. Conclusion: In addition to controlling emissions from industrial emissions and strengthening the labor protection of mercury-involved workers, it is equally important to avoid the high risk factors of mercury exposure during pregnancy.