:伴随着清末新政的展开及人们产业观念的更新 ,清中央和地方的农业产业行政机构开始日趋专门化 ;与此同时 ,民间以改良农业为己任的职业团体———农会广泛设立。两者共同努力 :提倡农学教育 ,发展知识农业 ;设立农事试验场 ,推广农业科技 ;奖励发明创造 ,倡导设立农垦公司。这在内外交困的时局下 ,虽不可能从根本上改变中国农业落后的面貌 ,但也顺应了时代潮流 ,为中国农业的现代化起了前驱开路的作用 : Along with the launching of the New Deal in the late Qing Dynasty and the renewal of people’s concept of industry, the administrative institutions for the agricultural industry in the central and local governments began to become more and more specialized. In the meantime, there was a wide-scale establishment of the peasant association, a private-owned professional body with the responsibility of improving agriculture. The two work together: to promote agronomy education, the development of knowledge agriculture; set up agricultural experiment site to promote agricultural science and technology; reward inventions, advocating the establishment of farming companies. Although it is impossible to fundamentally change the outlook of China’s agricultural backwardness under the current situation of internal and external difficulties, it also follows the trend of the times and plays a pioneering role in the modernization of China’s agriculture