目的分析小儿急性型咽后脓肿的临床表现及治疗体会。方法对1982年1月~2005年12月在我院住院治疗的小儿急性型咽后脓肿患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果43例患儿中,治疗不彻底复发所致2例,咽异物2例,继发于咽旁脓肿4例,猩红热1例,其他继发于上呼吸道感染。治疗中38例行咽后脓肿穿刺和/或抽脓,2例行颈部脓肿切开排脓,1例行气管切开术,2例行气管插管术。通过脓肿切开引流、抗生素及糖皮质激素等综合治疗,治愈39例,治愈率为90.7%;死亡2例,病死率为4.7%,其中1例死于重度呼吸道阻塞,1例系脓肿自行破溃窒息死亡。结论小儿急性型咽后脓肿一经确诊,应尽早行脓肿穿刺或切开排脓,并及时合理应用抗生素和辅以糖皮质激素治疗,对一些可能的并发症做到早预防、早发现、早治疗,同时注意治疗其他伴发疾病,从而提高该病的临床治愈率。 Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations and treatment of acute posterior pharyngeal abscess in children. Methods The clinical data of children with acute posterior pharyngeal abscess admitted to our hospital from January 1982 to December 2005 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of the 43 children, 2 were not relapsed due to incomplete treatment, 2 were pharyngeal foreign bodies, 4 were secondary to parapharyngeal abscess, 1 was scarlet fever and others were secondary to upper respiratory tract infection. Thirty-eight patients underwent pharyngeal abscess puncture and / or pus removal, two patients underwent neck abscess incision and drainage, one was treated by tracheotomy, and two were treated by tracheal intubation. 39 cases were cured by the combined treatment of abscess incision and drainage, antibiotics and glucocorticoids, the cure rate was 90.7%; 2 died, the case fatality rate was 4.7%, of which 1 died of severe airway obstruction and 1 case of abscess self-break Fu suffocating death. Conclusion Acute type of posterior pharyngeal abscess in children once diagnosed, the abscess should be punctured or incision drainage as soon as possible, and timely and rational use of antibiotics and glucocorticoid therapy, early prevention of some possible complications, early detection and early treatment , While paying attention to the treatment of other concomitant diseases, thereby increasing the clinical cure rate of the disease.