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本文从区域劳动经济学的视角分析城市间劳动力市场的发育和融合。我们介绍了分析区域劳动力市场的理论框架与国际经验,并利用住户调查数据发现,1988—1995年间,随着工资和教育回报率的上升,它们在城市间的差异有所扩大;虽然区域间的工资收敛并不显著,但受教育程度较低的工人工资收敛速度快于受教育程度高的技术型工人。针对这些实证结论,我们提出了促进区域劳动力市场统一的配套改革措施,以及建立全国性的以身份证为核心的大学生就业市场的建议。
This article analyzes the development and integration of labor market in cities from the perspective of regional labor economics. We present the theoretical framework and international experience in analyzing regional labor markets and use household survey data to find that between 1988 and 1995 their intercountry differences widened as wage and education rates of return increased; although interregional Wage convergence is not significant, but workers with lower education tend to converge faster than technically skilled workers with higher levels of education. In response to these empirical findings, we propose supporting reform measures to promote the unification of the regional labor market and the proposal of establishing a nationwide ID card-based employment market for university graduates.