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按照现代企业制度对国有企业实行公司化改造,首先需要从法律(“公司法”)上规范各种行为主体(政府、股东会、董事会、经理班子、职工等)之间的关系。第二步就是如何在每个企业中把法律上规定的、以及法律不可能规定但必须解决的那些权利与责任落实到每个行为主体身上,对这些行为主体进行“角色定位”。这只能通过当事之间的具体交易才能实现。为此,有必要仔细研究现代公司中的基本交易,由交易而形成的制度,以及相应的产权结构和产权界定问题,从中找到“角色定位”工作中最需要解决的问题是什么。
In accordance with the modern corporate system, the implementation of corporatization of state-owned enterprises must first regulate the relationship between various actors (governments, shareholders’ meetings, board of directors, managers, employees, etc.) from the law (“Company Law”). The second step is how to implement in each enterprise those rights and responsibilities that are legally stipulated and that cannot be stipulated in the law but must be resolved. This can only be achieved through specific transactions between the parties. For this reason, it is necessary to carefully study the basic transactions in modern companies, the systems formed by transactions, and the corresponding issues of property rights structure and property rights delimitation, and find out what are the most needed problems in the “role orientation” work.