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家族授产制度是英国特有的一项土地法律制度,该制度涉及到财产转移、身份继承、契约、信托、抵押贷款、婚姻等多种法律关系,产生于17世纪末期,并广泛应用于18-19世纪的英国,在历史上对保持家族的世袭、政治的稳定、资本积累等都有重要意义。19世纪末期逐渐衰落,20世纪彻底退出历史舞台。但是其基本理念都为现代信托所承袭,对当代家庭财产信托和我国农村土地改革都具有重要的借鉴意义。此文从家族授产制度的含义为切入点,探析家族授产制度的产生以及演变过程,及对当前我国农村土地改革的重要启示。
The family grant system is a land legal system peculiar to Britain. The system involves many legal relations such as property transfer, identity inheritance, contract, trust, mortgage loan and marriage. It originated in the late 17th century and is widely used in 18- In the 19th century, Britain was historically of great significance in maintaining the hereditary clan, political stability, and capital accumulation. The gradual decline of the late 19th century, the 20th century completely withdraw from the stage of history. However, their basic concepts are inherited by modern trusts and have important reference to contemporary family property trusts and rural land reform in China. This article starts from the meaning of family grant system, analyzes the birth and evolution of family grant system, and its important implications for current rural land reform in China.