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“观察草履虫”实验是初中动物学的第一个实验,在教学中占有重要地位。为了和大家共同探讨这堂课的教法,现将我进行实验教学的具体教法介绍如下。 (一)教材分析草履虫是原生动物门的代表动物。如果学生掌握了草履虫的形态结构和生理特点,教材中其他原生动物方面的知识便能迎刃而解。再者,学生在《植物学》中虽学过显微镜的使用方法,但所观察的大都是静态的东西,所以该实验是由静到动进行观察的转折点。因此,该实验不仅要求学生了解草履虫的形态结构和运动、消化、排泄、感应性等生理活动,而且还要求学生掌握使用显微镜观察活动物的方法。
The “observation of paramecium” experiment is the first experiment of junior high school zoology and plays an important role in teaching. In order to discuss the teaching methods of this class with everyone, I will introduce the following specific teaching methods for experimental teaching. (I) Analysis of textbooks Paramecium is a representative animal of protozoa. If students master the morphological structure and physiological characteristics of paramecium, knowledge of other protozoa in the textbook can be solved. Furthermore, although students have learned how to use the microscope in Botany, most of the observations are static, so the experiment is a turning point from static to dynamic observation. Therefore, the experiment not only requires students to understand the morphological structure of Paramecium and physiological activities such as exercise, digestion, excretion, and induction, but also requires students to master the method of using microscopes to observe live animals.