论文部分内容阅读
沟渠作为农田生态系统的重要组成部分,其排灌功能是农业生态安全的重要保障。随着农业面源污染的加剧,沟渠湿地技术已成为有效去除氮等农业面源污染物和防治水环境污染的有效途径。沟渠湿地中,氮的主要存在形式为无机氮,其迁移转化过程有物理、化学和生物等复杂过程;脱氮的机理包括植物的吸收、基质的吸附以及微生物的硝化-反硝化等。通过分析沟渠湿地技术在国内外应用的现状,指出沟渠生态系统可以作为一项新的最佳管理体系措施,用于控制农业面源污染,也是适合我国国情和地域特色的有效控制农业面源污染的技术手段,可作为削减农业径流中氮流失的有效方法,应加强沟渠湿地技术控制水体污染物运移的研究和管理。
Ditches, as an important part of agroecosystem, have an important guarantee for agro-ecological security. With aggravating agricultural non-point source pollution, trench-ditch wetland technology has become an effective way to effectively remove agricultural non-point source pollutants such as nitrogen and prevent water pollution. Ditch wetland, nitrogen is mainly present in the form of inorganic nitrogen, its migration and transformation process with physical, chemical and biological processes; nitrogen removal mechanisms include plant absorption, matrix adsorption and microbial nitrification - denitrification. By analyzing the status quo of application of ditch wetland technology both at home and abroad, it is pointed out that ditches ecosystem can be used as a new best management system measure to control agricultural non-point source pollution and also to control agricultural non-point source pollution that is suitable for China’s national conditions and regional characteristics Can be used as an effective method to reduce the nitrogen loss in agricultural runoff. It is necessary to strengthen the research and management of the technical control of water pollutants transport by ditches and wetlands.