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目的探讨北京市东城区城市化发展对蚊虫越冬场所的影响和防控策略。方法 2008-2013年每年12月~次年1月对北京市东城区城市蚊虫越冬场所进行蚊密度监测。监测采用目测法,并记录越冬场所的温湿度。利用SPSS统计软件将城市越冬蚊密度分别与同期冬季室外平均气温、次年成蚊密度作相关统计分析。结果 2008年以后北京市东城区城市越冬蚊密度呈逐年下降的趋势,淡色库蚊为该区最大优势种群,以成蚊越冬。人防工程地下室越冬蚊密度最高(F=8.062,P<0.01)。冬季室外气温与越冬蚊密度(r=0.842,P<0.05),越冬蚊密度与次年成蚊密度(r=0.854,P<0.05)均呈正相关关系。结论人防工程地下室阴暗、温暖而潮湿,是目前越冬蚊的主要栖息场所。应加强蚊情监测,制定合理的防治策略,从而降低蚊媒病的发生与流行的风险。
Objective To investigate the influence of urbanization in Dongcheng District of Beijing on the overwintering sites of mosquitoes and the prevention and control strategies. Methods From 2008 to 2013, from December to January, the mosquito density of mosquitoes in urban areas of Dongcheng District of Beijing was monitored. Monitoring using visual methods, and record the temperature and humidity of overwintering places. SPSS statistical software was used to make statistical analysis on the density of overwintering mosquito in urban areas, the average outdoor temperature in winter and the density of adult mosquitoes in the following year respectively. Results After 2008, the density of overwintering mosquito in Dongcheng District of Beijing showed a trend of declining year by year. Culex pipiens pallens was the dominant species in the area, and overwintering. The density of overwintering mosquito in the basement of civil air defense works was the highest (F = 8.062, P <0.01). Winter outdoor air temperature and overwintering mosquito density (r = 0.842, P <0.05), overwintering mosquito density and the next year mosquito density (r = 0.854, P <0.05) were positively correlated. Conclusion The basement of the civil air defense works is dark, warm and humid, and is the main habitat for overwintering mosquitoes at present. Mosquito monitoring should be strengthened to develop a reasonable strategy to prevent and reduce the occurrence and prevalence of mosquito-borne disease.