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我国的淡水养鱼事业有着悠久的历史,是世界上池塘养鱼最早的国家。古代在和鱼病作斗争的实践中也有着光荣的一页。我国十六世纪即有关于防治鱼病、鱼灾的方法和寄生物——鲺及舌状绦虫的记载。但是长期来在封建帝王和国民党反动派的压迫统治下,养鱼事业奄奄欲息,鱼病问题更未得到解决。根据不完全统计,全国鱼苗养成鱼种(一夏龄鱼)的成活率不足30%,养成一冬龄及二冬龄鱼后,只及原鱼苗数量的5—6%,至于养成三冬龄以上的鱼,则数量更少。渔农群众中也流传着一句俗话:“养鱼不瘟,得利千金”。由此可见,如果采取措施,防治鱼病,提高成活率,加强饲养管理,防止鱼病及鱼灾,每年将为国家增加巨大财富。
Our country’s freshwater fish farming has a long history and is one of the earliest countries in the world for pond fish farming. Ancient times also had a glorious page in the battle against fish diseases. In the 16th century in our country, there are records on methods of preventing fish diseases and fish catastrophes and on parasite-lingual tapeworms. However, for a long time, under the oppression of feudal emperors and Kuomintang reactionaries, the fish business was on the verge of death, and the problem of fish diseases was even more unresolved. According to incomplete statistics, the survival rate of fish species (one summer age fish) of the whole country is less than 30%. After forming a winter and two winter-age fish, only 5-6% of the original number of fish fry is raised. Three winter age above the fish, then the number is less. There is also a common saying among fishermen and peasants that: “The fish is not plague and benefits daughter.” Thus it can be seen that if measures are taken to prevent and cure fish diseases, increase survival rates, strengthen feeding and management, prevent fish diseases and fish catastrophe, we will increase tremendous wealth for the country every year.