提到相对论理论,有些人可能认为它太深奧而不愿涉及,一些化学工作者也可能认为那是物理学家研究的问题而与自己关系不大。其实,了解相对论原理,尤其是定性了解其基本部分并不困难,对化学研究与工作者也是很有意义的。对于化学中的某些“特殊”问題,如T1、Pb、Bi的6s惰性电子对,Au的高价态化合物比Ag更广泛而稳定,可以从相对论理论上得到直观的解释。本文从相对论量子力学的基 Referring to the theory of relativity, some may think it too esoteric to be involved, and some chemists may think that it is a matter of physicists’ research and have little to do with them. In fact, it is not difficult to understand the principle of relativity, especially the qualitative understanding of its basic components. It is also of great significance for chemical research and workers. For some “special” problems in chemistry, such as the 6s inert electron pair of T1, Pb and Bi, the high valence compounds of Au are broader and more stable than Ag and can be intuitively interpreted from the theory of relativity. This article starts from the basis of relativistic quantum mechanics