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大骨节病是一种地方性骨关节病,主要分布于环境低硒地区。目前,我国大部分地区大骨节病病情已经得到控制,病情相对活跃而严重的区域主要集中于青藏高原地区。四川省壤塘县地处青藏高原东南缘,大骨节病遍布全县各村且最低患病率不低于13.28%。本文选择不同病区采集了耕作土壤(0~20cm)、青稞、糌粑和饮用水等样品,并分析了样品含硒量与大骨节病病情的关系。结果表明:壤塘县大骨节病病区环境含硒水平很低,特别是病情比较严重的村子其环境含硒水平更低。耕作土壤和青稞籽粒含硒水平依次为中病区>重病区>极重病区。受制作过程中添加物的影响糌粑含硒水平为中病区>重病区≈极重病区。虽然不同饮水类型硒的水平存在差异,但是,极重病区饮用水中含硒量也低于中病区和重病区。大骨节病与当地环境因素特别是主要粮食和食物含硒量的关系非常密切。在低硒环境条件下,由于饮水仅对人体硒的摄入起辅助性的作用,因此,调节和改善环境低硒地带居民的膳食结构,增加外源性高硒食物的输入,减少人体对低硒环境因素的依赖性,将会对大骨节病的防治具有重要的意义。
Kashin-Beck disease is a endemic osteoarthropathy, mainly in the low-selenium environment. At present, the condition of Kashin-Beck disease in most parts of China has been controlled, and the relatively active and serious areas are mainly concentrated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Sitang County, Sichuan Province is located in the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Kaschin Beck disease throughout the village in each county and the lowest prevalence of not less than 13.28%. In this paper, samples of cultivated soils (0 ~ 20cm), barley, catfish and drinking water were collected from different wards. The relationship between the selenium content and the severity of Kaschin-Beck disease was analyzed. The results showed that the environment of Kashin-Beck disease in Rangtang County had a very low level of selenium, especially in villages where the disease was more serious. The selenium levels of cultivated soils and barley seeds were in the following order: ward> ward> ward. Affected by additives in the production process 糌 粑 Se levels in the ward> seriously ward ≈ extremely ward. Although there are differences in the levels of selenium in different types of drinking water, the selenium content in drinking water of extremely serious wards is also lower than those in waking areas and wasting areas. Kashin-Beck disease is closely related to the local environmental factors, especially the selenium content of the main food and food. Under the condition of low selenium environment, since drinking water only plays an auxiliary role in the intake of human selenium, the dietary structure of inhabitants in the environment of low selenium zone is adjusted and improved, the input of exogenous high selenium food is increased, The dependence of environmental factors on selenium will be of great significance to the prevention and treatment of Kashin-Beck disease.