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国债作为政府宏观调控的重要工具,建国50年来,对弥补我国财政收入的不足、促进国民经济的健康稳定发展、满足全社会不同投资者的多种需要等方面产生了积极的作用。特别是1978年以后,我国政府之所以能够大规模地实施对企业的放权让利、能够在财政收入占 GDP 的比重大幅度降低的条件下维持国家财政的运转,一个很重要的原因就是有国债的支持。同时,国债发行对于推动我国债券市场、货币市场和资本市场的发展也发挥了非常重要的作用。一、国债规模不断扩大
As an important tool for government macro-control, since the founding of the People’s Republic of China over the past 50 years, treasury bonds have played a positive role in remedying the shortfall of China’s financial revenue, promoting the healthy and stable development of the national economy and meeting the diverse needs of different investors in the whole society. Especially since 1978, one of the most important reasons why our government has been able to carry out the granting of power to the enterprises on a large scale and to keep the finance of the state under the condition of sharply reducing the proportion of the fiscal revenue in the GDP, stand by. At the same time, the issuance of treasury bonds also played a very important role in promoting the development of China’s bond market, money market and capital market. First, the continuous expansion of the national debt