前言随着认知心理学、语用学、信息处理和人工智能研究等学科的发展，西方一些语言学家相继提出了一些颇具潜在价值的阅读理论。它们中，有强调语篇处理的自下而上（bottom-up）理论；有注重读者自身知识作用的自上而下（top-down）理论；还有主张把上述两种模式结合的交流阅读 Preface With the development of such disciplines as cognitive psychology, pragmatics, information processing and artificial intelligence research, some Western linguists have put forward some quite promising reading theories in succession. Among them, there is a bottom-up theory that emphasizes discourse processing; a top-down theory that focuses on the reader’s own knowledge; and an exchange reading that assembles both of these modes