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中考复习迎考千头万绪，同学们对错综复杂的各种不同的句式，常感觉无从下手。而不少句型或因交际范围广，或因结构巧妙而在中考试卷上频繁出现，成为名副其实的名句。本文谈谈中考常见名句的使用特点及在中考中的考查情况，帮助同学们系统复习初中英语句式考点，以便同学们在考试中取得优异的成绩。
一、“花费”句型
spend句型为（1）Sb. spends some money/time on sth.（2）Sb. spends some money/time(in) doing sth.
take句型为（1）It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.（2）Sb. takes some time to do sth.（3）Sth. takes (sb.) some time.
cost句型为（1）Sth. costs sb. some money.（2）It costs (sb.) some money to do sth.（3）Sth. costs (sb.) time, labour, life, …
pay句型为（1）Sb. pays some money for sth.（2）One pays sb./sth. (for sth.).（3）One pays sb. some money for sth.（4）One pays sb. some money to do sth.（5）Sb. pays for sth.如：
1. He bought a pair of new slippers and it ____ him 20 yuan.
(2006贵阳市)
A. cost B. paid C. spent
2. What a beautiful sweater!How much did you ____ for it?
(2006南京市)
A. take B. cost C. pay D. spend
3. His parents were worried that he ____ too much time chatting on line. (2006北京市)
A. spent B. cost C. paid D. had
4. It took Li Ming an hour ____ his bike yesterday.(2006岳阳市)
A. to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. repair
答案:1.A 2.C 3.A 4.A
注：take作“花费”解时，若主语是it，take既可用于花时间，也可用于花金钱，若主语是人或事物，则只能用于时间。cost虽可用作及物动词，但不可用于被动语态，cost作“花费”解时，主语只能是事物或it，不能是人，接双宾语时，若只接钱数时，作“价值”讲。pay作“花费、付款”时，主语只能是人，不能是物。
二、祈使句+and/or+陈述句
在这两个句型中，祈使句表示条件，陈述句表示结果，陈述句常用一般将来时；句型中的祈使句有时也可用名词短语代替；如果祈使句相当于一个if引导的肯定条件状语从句，陈述句表示一个令人高兴或愉快的结果，常用and，这时句意是肯定的，and意为“那么，那就”；如果祈使句相当于一个if引导的否定条件状语从句，陈述句表示一个令人不高兴或不愉快的结果，常用or，这时句意是否定的，or意为“否则，要不然”。如：
1. Work hard, ____ you may catch up with your classmates soon.
(2006重庆)
A. or B. but C. and D. yet
2. ——Be careful, ____ you will make mistakes in your exam.
——I know, Mum. One can never be too careful.(2006河南)
A. and B. or C. not D. but
3. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the early train.(改为If引导的条件状语从句)
(2004烟台市)
If you ____ ____ ____, you’ll miss the early train.
4. Stand higher, and you will see far away.(改为If引导的条件状语从句)(2004重庆市)
____ ____ stand at a higher place, you’ll see far away.
答案:1.C 2.B 3.don’t hurry up 4.If you
三、there be句型
在there be句型中，be动词应与其紧邻的主语保持一致，be有时态的变化。其反意疑问句的主语用there，there be与have的区别为：there be句型表示“存在”关系，结构为“there+be+人/物+地点/时间”，译为“某地(某时)有某物(某人)”，主语在谓语be之后。而have表示“所有，占有”关系，译成汉语为“某人(物)拥有某(人)物”，主语在have前。如：
1. There ____ some old people taking a walk in the park.
(2006重庆市)
A. are B. is C. has D. have
2. There is going to ____ a sports meeting next week. If it ____,
we’ll have to cancel it. (2006 汕头市)
A. be; will rain B. have; will rain C. be; rains
3. There ____ a football game between Italy and Germany tomorrow
morning. (2005武汉市)
A. has B. is going to be C. will have D. has been
4. There is little milk in the bottle.（变反意疑问句）（2005年桂林）
There is little milk in the bottle， ____ ____？
答案:1.A 2.C 3.B 4.is there
四、感叹句
常见的感叹句有How和What开头的两种形式，How用于修饰形容词、副词或动词，What用于修饰名词或名词词组。它们的常见句型为：1.What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！2.What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语！3.What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！4.How+形容词+主语+谓语！5.How+副词+主语+谓语！6.How+主语+谓语！7.How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！what或how引起的感叹句在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。如：
1. ____ exciting game it is!(2006吉林)
A. What B. What an C. How D. How much
2. ____ it is from Chengdu to Jiuzhaigou!(2006岳阳市)
A. How long way B. How a long way
C. What long way D. What a long way
3. ____ lovely weather!Let’s go on a picnic.(2006沈阳市)
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
4. ____ long the bridge is!Let me drive you over it. (2005南通市)
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
答案：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C
五、比较句型
(1)A＋动词＋(much， a lot， a little, a bit, far)+比较级＋than＋另一比较对象。
本句型表示两者之间进行比较，可改为“not so/as＋原级＋as或prefer…to/rather than…”句型。如：
1. This year our school is ____ than it was last year. (2006陕西)
A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful
C. the most beautiful D. beautiful
2. Henry is a little ____ than Bill. (2006成都)
A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest
3. Jim likes football better than volleyball．(2004广东)
Jim ____ football ____ volleyball．
答案：1.A 2.B 3.prefers…to
(2)“A＋动词＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as B”或否定式“A＋动词＋not+as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as B”，肯定式表示A与B两者在某一方面相等，否定式表示A在某一方面不如B，两个句型都用形容词或副词原级。否定式可改为less…than结构。如：
1. ——Who did better, Kate or Ann?
——I think Kate did just ____ Ann. (2005内蒙古)
A. as well as B. as good as
C. as better as D. more badly than
2. ——Travelling by plane is ____ than travelling by train.
——Yes, but it is not so ____ as travelling by train. (2006深圳市)
A. quickly; cheaper B. more quick; cheaply
C. quick; more cheap D. quicker; cheap
3. Shark is getting old and can not jump as ____ as he did.
(2006杭州市)
A. high B. higher C. highest D. much higher
4. I think this book is not so interesting as that one. （改为同义句)
I think this book is ____ interesting ____ that one. (2004广州市)
答案：1.A 2.D 3.A 4.less…than
(3)the＋比较级(+主语+谓语)，the+比较级(+主语+谓语)
表示一方随另一方的程度变化而变化，意为“越……越……”，句子的主语和谓语可以省略。如：
1. ——Remember, boys and girls. ____ you work, ____ result you
will get.
——We know, Miss Gao. (06河北)
A. The better; the harder B. The harder; the better
C. The hard; the better D. The harder; the good
2. Read more books, and you will get more knowledge. (06济南市)The ____ ____ you read， the ____ ____ you will get.(改为同义句)
答案:1.B 2.more books， more knowledge
六、it句型
(1)It is+形容词+for/of sb.+to do sth.
It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.侧重说明某人做某事的动作或状态的性质、情况，并不涉及人的品质，常用于表示客观情况的形容词，该形容词是形容句末的主语（动词不定式所表示的动作），这样的形容词有difficult, easy,hard, important, impossible, necessary等；在句型It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.中，侧重表明对某人做某事的评价，评价的侧重点是人，常用careless,clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。形容词修饰的是不定式前的sb.，在逻辑上可以作sb.的表语。如：
1. It’s important ____ the piano well. (2006天津市)
A. of him to play B. for him to play
C. of him playing D. for him playing
2. It’s very nice ____ you to get me two tickets ____ the World
Cup.(2004安徽)
A. for; of B. of; for C. for; for D. of; of
3. It’s very nice for you to bring me the newspaper and magazines.
ABC D
(改错)(2006南京市)
答案：1.B 2.B 3.for改为of
(2)Sb. finds it形容词/名词+to do sth.
意为“发现干……怎么样”，这里it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语，形容词或名词是宾补。主句中常用的动词为think, believe, make, find, consider, feel。如：
1. Jim finds ____ easy to remember all the English words. ____ a
smart child he is! (2006深圳市)
A. it; What B. that; How C. this; What D. it; How
2. Smokers always find ____ difficult to give up smoking.
(2006贵阳市)
A. it B. that C. this
答案:1.A 2.A
(3)It is/has been+段时间+since从句
句意为“自从……以来有多长时间了”。主句中时间段作表语，其时态可用现在时或完成时，since引导的从句常是一般过去时态，谓语动词是瞬间动词。如：
1. It ____ ten years since we last ____ in Beijing. (05河北)
A. was; met B. has been; met C. was; meet D. is; meet
2. Oh, dear!Surprised to meet you here. ____ since we last met.
(05云南)
A. It is a long time B. How I miss you
C. I haven’t seen you D. It’d been a long time
答案:1.B 2.A
（4）It’s time for+sth./It’s time to do sth./It’s time for sb. to do sth.
这个句型可译为“该做某事了”或“到做某事的时候了”。如：
1. 是我们努力学习英语的时候了。(翻译) （2004长沙）
It is ____ for us ____ study English hard.
2. It’s time for us ____ games now. （2005贵州）
A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play
答案:1.time; to 2.D
（5）It’s one’s turn to do sth.
这个句型可译为“轮到某人做某事了”。如：
轮到你在会上发言了。(翻译)(2006天津市）
It’s ____ ____ to speak in the meeting.
答案: your turn
七、“So/Neither/Nor+动词+主语”或“So+主语+动词”
“So+助动词（be动词或情态动词）+主语。”常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意为“某人（物）也一样”，so相当于also，该结构中的时态和前句保持一致，助动词（be动词或情态动词）必须与前句的谓语动词和后句的主语的人称和数保持一致；“So+主语+助动词（be动词或情态动词）。”结构意为“的确如此、确实如此”，so相当于indeed，表示后者赞同前者的话或意见，只是进一步强调并重复前句所述的内容。前后句的主语指的是同一人或物。如果前面的句子是否定句，则用neither/nor，说明前句否定的情况也适用于后面的句子，相当于either用于否定句，助动词后要用肯定形式，neither适用于两者，nor适用于两者或两者以上。如：
1. ——How well Alan dances!
——I can’t believe my eyes!____. (06潍坊市)
A. So he does B. So does he C. So I do D. So do I
2. ——Did you go to the school party last night?
——Yes, I did. ____. (06深圳市)
A. So did Tim B. So Tim did C. Tim do so D. Tim went so
3. Peter doesn’t know much French. ____. (05 山东)
A. So do I B. So am I C. Neither do I D. Neither am I
答案:1.A 2.A 3.C
八、so/such…that从句
so/such…that引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以致于”，such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so后面是跟形容词还是副词由so前面的谓语动词类型决定，如果前面谓语动词是系动词，用形容词，如果是实义动词，用副词，如果名词前有many, few, much, little等修饰时用so，它们的常用句型为：(1) so＋形容词/副词＋that从句。 (2)such a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋that从句。(2)such＋形容词＋复数可数名词/不可数名词＋that从句。(4)so＋形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that从句。 (5)so many/few/much/little+名词复数/不可数名词+that+从句。当so…that引导的从句为肯定句时，并且主、从句的主语一致，可用enough to do sth.结构转换为简单句。当that引导的从句为肯定句时，但主、从句的主语不一致，可用enough for sb. to do sth.结构转换为简单句。当that引导的从句为否定句时，并且主、从句中的主语一致，可用too…to do sth.结构转换成简单句。当that引导的从句为否定句时，并且主、从句的主语不一致，可用too…for sb. to do sth.结构转换成简单句。 如：
1. She worked so quietly ____ no one knew she was there.
(2006杭州市)
A. which B. after C. as D. that
2. The drink is ____ delicious ____ I enjoy it very much.
(2006哈尔滨市)
A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that
3. Beijing has ____ many buses that there is often traffic jam in
rush hours. (2004重庆市)
A. so B. such C. too D. much
4. Uncle Wang is ____ man that he always helps others.
(2004北京市)
A. such friendly of B. such a friendly
C. such friendly D. so friendly
5. David was so careless that he didn’t find the mistakes in his test paper.(改为同义句)(2004福州市)
David was ____ careless ____ find the mistakes in his test paper.
答案:1.D 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.too; to
九、请求或请求许可句型
(1)Would （Do） you mind…?
本句型可译为“你介意做某事吗？”或“请你做某事好吗?”。Would （Do）you mind…?可后接动名词或if 从句。如果要指出动名词的逻辑主语，常用形容词性物主代词表示， 非正式文体中，形容词性物主代词可换成宾格，后接if从句时，用Do开头时表示说话人比较直率，故if从句谓语用一般现在时态，用Would开头时则表示说话人语气较为委婉，if从句谓语常用虚拟语气，用一般过去时态。该句型无论以Do还是以Would开头，其答语相同，表示“同意”或“不介意”时用no或not回答，不用yes，表示许可时，还可加上please go ahead或Do it as you like, please等。表示“反对”、“介意”或“不同意”时要用Yes./Certainly./Of course.或(I’m) Sorry, but…等来回答。如：
1. ——It’s too hot. Would you mind my ____ the window?
——____. Do it as you like, please. （2005黄冈市）
A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly not
C. closing; Of course D. open; Good idea
2. ——Do you mind opening the window?
——____. Go ahead, please. （2006成都市）
A. Certainly B. Yes, I do C. No, not at all
3. ——Would you mind watering the flowers for me?
——____. I have to go to the post office. （2006重庆市）
A. Not at all B. Never mind C. No, please D. Sorry, I can’t
答案:1.B 2.C 3.D
(2)Would/Could/Will you please (not) do sth.?
本句型可译为“请你做某事好吗?”。后接动词原形，否定式在动词原形前加not，意为“请你不做某事好吗?”。如：
——Could you please do the dishes, Lana? I’m cleaning the room.
——____.(2006长春市)
A. Yes, sure B. Yes, you can C. No, thanks D. No, you can’t
答案：A
十、征求意见或建议句型
(1)Would you like…?
是征求对方意见的一种常见方式，其后跟名词时常用Yes, please. (No, thanks.)之类的句子作答，其后跟动词不定式时则常用Yes, I’d love/like to. I’d love/like to, but…之类的句子作答。如：
1. ——Would you like to go swimming with me this afternoon?
——____, but I have a lot of homework to do. (2006南京市)
A. I’d love to B. Yes, let’s go
C. No, I won’t D. It doesn’t matter
2. ——____
——Yes, I’d like some soup. (2005浙江)
A. Help yourself to some fish.
B. What can I do for you?
C. Would you like some soup?
答案:1.A 2.C
(2)表示建议的常用句型为Why not(Why don’t you) do sth.?/How(What) about doing sth.?/Let’s do sth./You should(not) do sth./Shall we do sth.?/If I were you, I would do sth.，常用Certainly./Of course./Good idea./All right./OK./Let’s…/Why not?/No, let’s do…等回答。如：
1. ——It’s hot today. How about going swimming after school?
——____!Let’s ask Daniel to go with me.（2006安徽）
A. That’s OK B. Best wishes C. Good luck D. Good idea
2. ——What a nice day!Let’s go for a picnic on the beach together.
——____.（2006杭州市）
A. Goodbye B. Good idea C. Good job D. Good day
3. ——Shall we go out for a walk?
——____. This TV show is not interesting at all. （2006岳阳市）
A. Thank you B. It doesn’t matter
C. Not at all D. All right
答案:1.D 2.B 3.D
(3)What do you think of it?
本句型意为“你认为怎样？”，用来询问对方对某事物的喜好程度，常用回答有I like it./I don’t like it./I can’t stand it./I like it very much./I love it./It’s beautiful./They’re fantastic.等。如：
1. ——What do you think of the new book?
——____. (2006吉林)
A. I’d love it B. I think so C. I love it D. So do I
2. ——What do you ____ your hometown?
——I love it very much.(2006长沙市)
A. look at B. talk about C. think of
答案:1.C 2.C
十一、tell/ask sb. (not) to do sth.
本句型意为“告诉/要求某人(不)做某事”，是动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式的否定是在to前加not。如：
1. Cars cause most of Beijing’s air pollution. So the “No Car Day”
campaign asks Beijing drivers ____ their cars at home one day
each month. (06哈尔滨)
A. leave B. leaving C. to leave
2. Our teachers tell us ____ more English in and out of class.
(2006重庆市)
A. speak B. spoken C. to speak D. speaking
答案:1.C 2.C
十二、疑问句
疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。一般疑问句的语序是“系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他成分”，将陈述句变为一般疑问句时，如句中有be动词（am， is， are…）、情态动词（can， may， must…）或助动词(will, has, have)等时，可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称，应将其改为第二人称。陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语时，变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do, does或did，主语后的实义动词用原形。用疑问词引导的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。
特殊疑问句有两种语序：疑问词作主语或主语的定语语序为“疑问词（＋主语）＋谓语动词＋其他成分？”。如疑问词作其他成分，语序为“疑问词＋一般疑问句语序？”，疑问词分为疑问代词和疑问副词，疑问代词可在疑问句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。常见的有：what， who， whose， which等。疑问副词可在疑问句中作状语、定语。常见的有: when， where, how， how many，how much, how tall， how old， why等。
反意疑问句都由两部分组成，前一部分用陈述句形式，后一部分是一个附着在前一部分上的简短问句，中间用逗号隔开。结构形式主要有“肯定的陈述部分＋否定的附加疑问句”或“否定的陈述部分＋肯定的附加疑问句”。附加疑问句的主语一般同陈述部分的主语保持一致。附加疑问句的谓语的确定主要取决于陈述部分的谓语动词。以Let’s开头，附加疑问句用shall we。Let us后的反意疑问句用will you或won’t you。当陈述部分是there be结构时， 附加疑问句用there。当陈述部分含有no, nothing, little, few, never, hardly, nobody, seldom, nowhere等否定或半否定词时，附加疑问句要用肯定形式。如：
1. ——____ do you like koala bears?
——Because they are cute.(2006北京)
A. Why B. Where C. How D. When
2. ——____ is “Lucky 52” shown on CCTV-2?
——Every week. (2006黄冈市)
A. How long B. How often
C. How many times D. How soon
3. She went to see her uncle last week. (改为一般疑问句)(2005重庆市)
____ she ____ to see her uncle last week？
4. She listens to the radio every day, ____? （2006重庆）
A. doesn’t she B. isn’t she C. hasn’t she D. won’t she
5. Tom has never been to the Great Wall, ____?（2006岳阳市）
A. hasn’t he B. has he C. doesn’t he D. does he
答案:1.A 2.B 3.Did， go 4.A 5.B
一、“花费”句型
spend句型为（1）Sb. spends some money/time on sth.（2）Sb. spends some money/time(in) doing sth.
take句型为（1）It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.（2）Sb. takes some time to do sth.（3）Sth. takes (sb.) some time.
cost句型为（1）Sth. costs sb. some money.（2）It costs (sb.) some money to do sth.（3）Sth. costs (sb.) time, labour, life, …
pay句型为（1）Sb. pays some money for sth.（2）One pays sb./sth. (for sth.).（3）One pays sb. some money for sth.（4）One pays sb. some money to do sth.（5）Sb. pays for sth.如：
1. He bought a pair of new slippers and it ____ him 20 yuan.
(2006贵阳市)
A. cost B. paid C. spent
2. What a beautiful sweater!How much did you ____ for it?
(2006南京市)
A. take B. cost C. pay D. spend
3. His parents were worried that he ____ too much time chatting on line. (2006北京市)
A. spent B. cost C. paid D. had
4. It took Li Ming an hour ____ his bike yesterday.(2006岳阳市)
A. to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. repair
答案:1.A 2.C 3.A 4.A
注：take作“花费”解时，若主语是it，take既可用于花时间，也可用于花金钱，若主语是人或事物，则只能用于时间。cost虽可用作及物动词，但不可用于被动语态，cost作“花费”解时，主语只能是事物或it，不能是人，接双宾语时，若只接钱数时，作“价值”讲。pay作“花费、付款”时，主语只能是人，不能是物。
二、祈使句+and/or+陈述句
在这两个句型中，祈使句表示条件，陈述句表示结果，陈述句常用一般将来时；句型中的祈使句有时也可用名词短语代替；如果祈使句相当于一个if引导的肯定条件状语从句，陈述句表示一个令人高兴或愉快的结果，常用and，这时句意是肯定的，and意为“那么，那就”；如果祈使句相当于一个if引导的否定条件状语从句，陈述句表示一个令人不高兴或不愉快的结果，常用or，这时句意是否定的，or意为“否则，要不然”。如：
1. Work hard, ____ you may catch up with your classmates soon.
(2006重庆)
A. or B. but C. and D. yet
2. ——Be careful, ____ you will make mistakes in your exam.
——I know, Mum. One can never be too careful.(2006河南)
A. and B. or C. not D. but
3. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the early train.(改为If引导的条件状语从句)
(2004烟台市)
If you ____ ____ ____, you’ll miss the early train.
4. Stand higher, and you will see far away.(改为If引导的条件状语从句)(2004重庆市)
____ ____ stand at a higher place, you’ll see far away.
答案:1.C 2.B 3.don’t hurry up 4.If you
三、there be句型
在there be句型中，be动词应与其紧邻的主语保持一致，be有时态的变化。其反意疑问句的主语用there，there be与have的区别为：there be句型表示“存在”关系，结构为“there+be+人/物+地点/时间”，译为“某地(某时)有某物(某人)”，主语在谓语be之后。而have表示“所有，占有”关系，译成汉语为“某人(物)拥有某(人)物”，主语在have前。如：
1. There ____ some old people taking a walk in the park.
(2006重庆市)
A. are B. is C. has D. have
2. There is going to ____ a sports meeting next week. If it ____,
we’ll have to cancel it. (2006 汕头市)
A. be; will rain B. have; will rain C. be; rains
3. There ____ a football game between Italy and Germany tomorrow
morning. (2005武汉市)
A. has B. is going to be C. will have D. has been
4. There is little milk in the bottle.（变反意疑问句）（2005年桂林）
There is little milk in the bottle， ____ ____？
答案:1.A 2.C 3.B 4.is there
四、感叹句
常见的感叹句有How和What开头的两种形式，How用于修饰形容词、副词或动词，What用于修饰名词或名词词组。它们的常见句型为：1.What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！2.What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语！3.What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！4.How+形容词+主语+谓语！5.How+副词+主语+谓语！6.How+主语+谓语！7.How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！what或how引起的感叹句在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。如：
1. ____ exciting game it is!(2006吉林)
A. What B. What an C. How D. How much
2. ____ it is from Chengdu to Jiuzhaigou!(2006岳阳市)
A. How long way B. How a long way
C. What long way D. What a long way
3. ____ lovely weather!Let’s go on a picnic.(2006沈阳市)
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
4. ____ long the bridge is!Let me drive you over it. (2005南通市)
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
答案：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C
五、比较句型
(1)A＋动词＋(much， a lot， a little, a bit, far)+比较级＋than＋另一比较对象。
本句型表示两者之间进行比较，可改为“not so/as＋原级＋as或prefer…to/rather than…”句型。如：
1. This year our school is ____ than it was last year. (2006陕西)
A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful
C. the most beautiful D. beautiful
2. Henry is a little ____ than Bill. (2006成都)
A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest
3. Jim likes football better than volleyball．(2004广东)
Jim ____ football ____ volleyball．
答案：1.A 2.B 3.prefers…to
(2)“A＋动词＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as B”或否定式“A＋动词＋not+as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as B”，肯定式表示A与B两者在某一方面相等，否定式表示A在某一方面不如B，两个句型都用形容词或副词原级。否定式可改为less…than结构。如：
1. ——Who did better, Kate or Ann?
——I think Kate did just ____ Ann. (2005内蒙古)
A. as well as B. as good as
C. as better as D. more badly than
2. ——Travelling by plane is ____ than travelling by train.
——Yes, but it is not so ____ as travelling by train. (2006深圳市)
A. quickly; cheaper B. more quick; cheaply
C. quick; more cheap D. quicker; cheap
3. Shark is getting old and can not jump as ____ as he did.
(2006杭州市)
A. high B. higher C. highest D. much higher
4. I think this book is not so interesting as that one. （改为同义句)
I think this book is ____ interesting ____ that one. (2004广州市)
答案：1.A 2.D 3.A 4.less…than
(3)the＋比较级(+主语+谓语)，the+比较级(+主语+谓语)
表示一方随另一方的程度变化而变化，意为“越……越……”，句子的主语和谓语可以省略。如：
1. ——Remember, boys and girls. ____ you work, ____ result you
will get.
——We know, Miss Gao. (06河北)
A. The better; the harder B. The harder; the better
C. The hard; the better D. The harder; the good
2. Read more books, and you will get more knowledge. (06济南市)The ____ ____ you read， the ____ ____ you will get.(改为同义句)
答案:1.B 2.more books， more knowledge
六、it句型
(1)It is+形容词+for/of sb.+to do sth.
It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.侧重说明某人做某事的动作或状态的性质、情况，并不涉及人的品质，常用于表示客观情况的形容词，该形容词是形容句末的主语（动词不定式所表示的动作），这样的形容词有difficult, easy,hard, important, impossible, necessary等；在句型It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.中，侧重表明对某人做某事的评价，评价的侧重点是人，常用careless,clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。形容词修饰的是不定式前的sb.，在逻辑上可以作sb.的表语。如：
1. It’s important ____ the piano well. (2006天津市)
A. of him to play B. for him to play
C. of him playing D. for him playing
2. It’s very nice ____ you to get me two tickets ____ the World
Cup.(2004安徽)
A. for; of B. of; for C. for; for D. of; of
3. It’s very nice for you to bring me the newspaper and magazines.
ABC D
(改错)(2006南京市)
答案：1.B 2.B 3.for改为of
(2)Sb. finds it形容词/名词+to do sth.
意为“发现干……怎么样”，这里it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语，形容词或名词是宾补。主句中常用的动词为think, believe, make, find, consider, feel。如：
1. Jim finds ____ easy to remember all the English words. ____ a
smart child he is! (2006深圳市)
A. it; What B. that; How C. this; What D. it; How
2. Smokers always find ____ difficult to give up smoking.
(2006贵阳市)
A. it B. that C. this
答案:1.A 2.A
(3)It is/has been+段时间+since从句
句意为“自从……以来有多长时间了”。主句中时间段作表语，其时态可用现在时或完成时，since引导的从句常是一般过去时态，谓语动词是瞬间动词。如：
1. It ____ ten years since we last ____ in Beijing. (05河北)
A. was; met B. has been; met C. was; meet D. is; meet
2. Oh, dear!Surprised to meet you here. ____ since we last met.
(05云南)
A. It is a long time B. How I miss you
C. I haven’t seen you D. It’d been a long time
答案:1.B 2.A
（4）It’s time for+sth./It’s time to do sth./It’s time for sb. to do sth.
这个句型可译为“该做某事了”或“到做某事的时候了”。如：
1. 是我们努力学习英语的时候了。(翻译) （2004长沙）
It is ____ for us ____ study English hard.
2. It’s time for us ____ games now. （2005贵州）
A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play
答案:1.time; to 2.D
（5）It’s one’s turn to do sth.
这个句型可译为“轮到某人做某事了”。如：
轮到你在会上发言了。(翻译)(2006天津市）
It’s ____ ____ to speak in the meeting.
答案: your turn
七、“So/Neither/Nor+动词+主语”或“So+主语+动词”
“So+助动词（be动词或情态动词）+主语。”常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意为“某人（物）也一样”，so相当于also，该结构中的时态和前句保持一致，助动词（be动词或情态动词）必须与前句的谓语动词和后句的主语的人称和数保持一致；“So+主语+助动词（be动词或情态动词）。”结构意为“的确如此、确实如此”，so相当于indeed，表示后者赞同前者的话或意见，只是进一步强调并重复前句所述的内容。前后句的主语指的是同一人或物。如果前面的句子是否定句，则用neither/nor，说明前句否定的情况也适用于后面的句子，相当于either用于否定句，助动词后要用肯定形式，neither适用于两者，nor适用于两者或两者以上。如：
1. ——How well Alan dances!
——I can’t believe my eyes!____. (06潍坊市)
A. So he does B. So does he C. So I do D. So do I
2. ——Did you go to the school party last night?
——Yes, I did. ____. (06深圳市)
A. So did Tim B. So Tim did C. Tim do so D. Tim went so
3. Peter doesn’t know much French. ____. (05 山东)
A. So do I B. So am I C. Neither do I D. Neither am I
答案:1.A 2.A 3.C
八、so/such…that从句
so/such…that引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以致于”，such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so后面是跟形容词还是副词由so前面的谓语动词类型决定，如果前面谓语动词是系动词，用形容词，如果是实义动词，用副词，如果名词前有many, few, much, little等修饰时用so，它们的常用句型为：(1) so＋形容词/副词＋that从句。 (2)such a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋that从句。(2)such＋形容词＋复数可数名词/不可数名词＋that从句。(4)so＋形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that从句。 (5)so many/few/much/little+名词复数/不可数名词+that+从句。当so…that引导的从句为肯定句时，并且主、从句的主语一致，可用enough to do sth.结构转换为简单句。当that引导的从句为肯定句时，但主、从句的主语不一致，可用enough for sb. to do sth.结构转换为简单句。当that引导的从句为否定句时，并且主、从句中的主语一致，可用too…to do sth.结构转换成简单句。当that引导的从句为否定句时，并且主、从句的主语不一致，可用too…for sb. to do sth.结构转换成简单句。 如：
1. She worked so quietly ____ no one knew she was there.
(2006杭州市)
A. which B. after C. as D. that
2. The drink is ____ delicious ____ I enjoy it very much.
(2006哈尔滨市)
A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that
3. Beijing has ____ many buses that there is often traffic jam in
rush hours. (2004重庆市)
A. so B. such C. too D. much
4. Uncle Wang is ____ man that he always helps others.
(2004北京市)
A. such friendly of B. such a friendly
C. such friendly D. so friendly
5. David was so careless that he didn’t find the mistakes in his test paper.(改为同义句)(2004福州市)
David was ____ careless ____ find the mistakes in his test paper.
答案:1.D 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.too; to
九、请求或请求许可句型
(1)Would （Do） you mind…?
本句型可译为“你介意做某事吗？”或“请你做某事好吗?”。Would （Do）you mind…?可后接动名词或if 从句。如果要指出动名词的逻辑主语，常用形容词性物主代词表示， 非正式文体中，形容词性物主代词可换成宾格，后接if从句时，用Do开头时表示说话人比较直率，故if从句谓语用一般现在时态，用Would开头时则表示说话人语气较为委婉，if从句谓语常用虚拟语气，用一般过去时态。该句型无论以Do还是以Would开头，其答语相同，表示“同意”或“不介意”时用no或not回答，不用yes，表示许可时，还可加上please go ahead或Do it as you like, please等。表示“反对”、“介意”或“不同意”时要用Yes./Certainly./Of course.或(I’m) Sorry, but…等来回答。如：
1. ——It’s too hot. Would you mind my ____ the window?
——____. Do it as you like, please. （2005黄冈市）
A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly not
C. closing; Of course D. open; Good idea
2. ——Do you mind opening the window?
——____. Go ahead, please. （2006成都市）
A. Certainly B. Yes, I do C. No, not at all
3. ——Would you mind watering the flowers for me?
——____. I have to go to the post office. （2006重庆市）
A. Not at all B. Never mind C. No, please D. Sorry, I can’t
答案:1.B 2.C 3.D
(2)Would/Could/Will you please (not) do sth.?
本句型可译为“请你做某事好吗?”。后接动词原形，否定式在动词原形前加not，意为“请你不做某事好吗?”。如：
——Could you please do the dishes, Lana? I’m cleaning the room.
——____.(2006长春市)
A. Yes, sure B. Yes, you can C. No, thanks D. No, you can’t
答案：A
十、征求意见或建议句型
(1)Would you like…?
是征求对方意见的一种常见方式，其后跟名词时常用Yes, please. (No, thanks.)之类的句子作答，其后跟动词不定式时则常用Yes, I’d love/like to. I’d love/like to, but…之类的句子作答。如：
1. ——Would you like to go swimming with me this afternoon?
——____, but I have a lot of homework to do. (2006南京市)
A. I’d love to B. Yes, let’s go
C. No, I won’t D. It doesn’t matter
2. ——____
——Yes, I’d like some soup. (2005浙江)
A. Help yourself to some fish.
B. What can I do for you?
C. Would you like some soup?
答案:1.A 2.C
(2)表示建议的常用句型为Why not(Why don’t you) do sth.?/How(What) about doing sth.?/Let’s do sth./You should(not) do sth./Shall we do sth.?/If I were you, I would do sth.，常用Certainly./Of course./Good idea./All right./OK./Let’s…/Why not?/No, let’s do…等回答。如：
1. ——It’s hot today. How about going swimming after school?
——____!Let’s ask Daniel to go with me.（2006安徽）
A. That’s OK B. Best wishes C. Good luck D. Good idea
2. ——What a nice day!Let’s go for a picnic on the beach together.
——____.（2006杭州市）
A. Goodbye B. Good idea C. Good job D. Good day
3. ——Shall we go out for a walk?
——____. This TV show is not interesting at all. （2006岳阳市）
A. Thank you B. It doesn’t matter
C. Not at all D. All right
答案:1.D 2.B 3.D
(3)What do you think of it?
本句型意为“你认为怎样？”，用来询问对方对某事物的喜好程度，常用回答有I like it./I don’t like it./I can’t stand it./I like it very much./I love it./It’s beautiful./They’re fantastic.等。如：
1. ——What do you think of the new book?
——____. (2006吉林)
A. I’d love it B. I think so C. I love it D. So do I
2. ——What do you ____ your hometown?
——I love it very much.(2006长沙市)
A. look at B. talk about C. think of
答案:1.C 2.C
十一、tell/ask sb. (not) to do sth.
本句型意为“告诉/要求某人(不)做某事”，是动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式的否定是在to前加not。如：
1. Cars cause most of Beijing’s air pollution. So the “No Car Day”
campaign asks Beijing drivers ____ their cars at home one day
each month. (06哈尔滨)
A. leave B. leaving C. to leave
2. Our teachers tell us ____ more English in and out of class.
(2006重庆市)
A. speak B. spoken C. to speak D. speaking
答案:1.C 2.C
十二、疑问句
疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。一般疑问句的语序是“系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他成分”，将陈述句变为一般疑问句时，如句中有be动词（am， is， are…）、情态动词（can， may， must…）或助动词(will, has, have)等时，可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称，应将其改为第二人称。陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语时，变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do, does或did，主语后的实义动词用原形。用疑问词引导的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。
特殊疑问句有两种语序：疑问词作主语或主语的定语语序为“疑问词（＋主语）＋谓语动词＋其他成分？”。如疑问词作其他成分，语序为“疑问词＋一般疑问句语序？”，疑问词分为疑问代词和疑问副词，疑问代词可在疑问句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。常见的有：what， who， whose， which等。疑问副词可在疑问句中作状语、定语。常见的有: when， where, how， how many，how much, how tall， how old， why等。
反意疑问句都由两部分组成，前一部分用陈述句形式，后一部分是一个附着在前一部分上的简短问句，中间用逗号隔开。结构形式主要有“肯定的陈述部分＋否定的附加疑问句”或“否定的陈述部分＋肯定的附加疑问句”。附加疑问句的主语一般同陈述部分的主语保持一致。附加疑问句的谓语的确定主要取决于陈述部分的谓语动词。以Let’s开头，附加疑问句用shall we。Let us后的反意疑问句用will you或won’t you。当陈述部分是there be结构时， 附加疑问句用there。当陈述部分含有no, nothing, little, few, never, hardly, nobody, seldom, nowhere等否定或半否定词时，附加疑问句要用肯定形式。如：
1. ——____ do you like koala bears?
——Because they are cute.(2006北京)
A. Why B. Where C. How D. When
2. ——____ is “Lucky 52” shown on CCTV-2?
——Every week. (2006黄冈市)
A. How long B. How often
C. How many times D. How soon
3. She went to see her uncle last week. (改为一般疑问句)(2005重庆市)
____ she ____ to see her uncle last week？
4. She listens to the radio every day, ____? （2006重庆）
A. doesn’t she B. isn’t she C. hasn’t she D. won’t she
5. Tom has never been to the Great Wall, ____?（2006岳阳市）
A. hasn’t he B. has he C. doesn’t he D. does he
答案:1.A 2.B 3.Did， go 4.A 5.B