关于外语听力理解中听力过程、听力技能、听力任务的研究成果可以归纳为以下三点:第一,可以从自下而上、自上而下和两者综合的交互式三个角度研究听力过程,但目前的实证性研究多采用自下而上的方法。第二,听力技能可分为低层次技能和高层次技能,与听力过程中的语音识别阶段和信息理解阶段相对应。第三,与听力过程和听力技能的基本分类一致,听力任务可分为回应性任务和综合性任务,前者对听者提出的要求低于后者。 The research results on listening process, listening skills and listening tasks in foreign language listening comprehension can be summed up as follows: First, we can study the process of listening from three aspects: bottom-up, top-down and the combination of the two. However, the current empirical research mostly adopts a bottom-up approach. Second, listening skills can be divided into low-level skills and high-level skills, corresponding to the stages of speech recognition and information comprehension during listening. Thirdly, consistent with the basic classification of listening process and listening skills, listening tasks can be divided into reactive tasks and comprehensive tasks. The former requires listeners less than the latter.