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目的探讨p53基因在肺腺癌中突变的频率、位置和在肺腺癌发生发展中的作用及与其临床病理特征的关系。方法聚合酶链式反应一单链构象多态性（PCR－SSCP）检测31例肺腺癌的P53基因第5～8外显子突变。结果14例（45％）出现P53基因5～8外显子突变，其中7、8外显子突变占73％。P53基因突变男性显著高于女性（P—0．003），在肿瘤≤3cm的病例p53基因突变率显著低于肿瘤＞3cm的病例（P=0．005）。p53基因突变与吸烟史、年龄、组织学类型、分化程度、淋巴结状况、国际病理TNM分期及瘤栓无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。结论肺腺癌中P53突变率为45％，主要分布在第7、8外显子，P53基因突变参与肺腺癌癌变的始动和腺癌的进展。
Objective To investigate the frequency and location of p53 gene mutation in lung adenocarcinoma and its role in the development of lung adenocarcinoma and its relationship with clinicopathological features. Methods Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was used to detect mutations in exon 5-8 of P53 gene in 31 cases of lung adenocarcinoma. Results The mutations of exon 5-8 of P53 gene were found in 14 cases (45%), of which the exon 7 and exon 8 accounted for 73%. P53 gene mutation was significantly higher in men than in women (P—0.003). The mutation rate of p53 gene was significantly lower in tumors ≤3 cm than in tumors >3 cm (P=0.005). There was no significant difference in p53 gene mutation and smoking history, age, histological type, differentiation degree, lymph node status, international pathological TNM staging and tumor embolism (P>0.05). Conclusion The rate of P53 mutation in lung adenocarcinoma is 45%, which is mainly distributed in exon 7 and exon 8, and the mutation of P53 gene is involved in the development of lung adenocarcinoma carcinoma and the progression of adenocarcinoma.