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为探测我国HY-2A卫星高度计海面高测量绝对偏差及其在轨运行状态,本文利用GNSS浮标星下点同步测量和验潮资料海面高传递方法在山东千里岩和珠海担杆岛海域开展定标研究。为验证GNSS浮标定标方法的准确性,还对国外卫星Jason-2和Saral进行了定标实验。实验表明GNSS浮标绝对海面高测量精度达2cm,对Jason-2和Saral高度计多个周期定标得到的海面高偏差均值分别为5.7cm和-2.3cm,与国际专门定标场的结果符合较好。2014年9月和2015年5月HY-2A卫星高度计浮标定标结果分别是-65cm和-91cm,因两次结果差异显著,故又利用千里岩验潮站资料对HY-2A卫星高度计第56至73周期进行了定标分析,结果证明HY-2A卫星海面高存在约-51cm/a的漂移,置信度为95%的回归分析表明浮标和验潮定标结果符合。本文研究结果表明在我国尚无专门定标场的情况下,可利用GNSS浮标对我国高度计实施灵活、精准的在轨绝对定标,在有高度计轨迹经过验潮站的情况下可使用验潮资料结合精密大地水准面模型进行绝对定标。
In order to detect the absolute deviation of sea surface height measurement and its on-orbit operational status of HY-2A satellite altimeters in China, this paper uses GNSS buoy subsynchronous measurement and tide-high sea surface transmission method to calibrate the sea areas of Chiliyan and Zhuhai in Shandong the study. In order to verify the accuracy of the GNSS buoy calibration method, calibration experiments were also performed on foreign satellites Jason-2 and Saral. Experiments show that the accuracy of GNSS buoy absolute sea surface height measurement is up to 2cm. The mean sea surface height deviations obtained from multiple cycles of the Jason-2 and Saral altimeters are respectively 5.7cm and -2.3cm, which are in good agreement with those of the international specialized calibration field . In September 2014 and May 2015 HY-2A satellite altimeter buoy calibration results were -65cm and -91cm, respectively, due to the significant difference between the two results, it is also the use of data from the Chiliyan tide gauge HY-2A satellite altimeter 56 To 73 cycles. The results show that there is a drift of about -51 cm / a in HY-2A satellite with a confidence level of 95%. The results show that the buoy and tide calibration match. The results of this study show that in our country there is no special calibration field, the GNSS buoy can be used to implement flexible and accurate on-orbit calibration in our country, and the tide gauge can be used when the altimeter track passes the tide gauge station Absolute calibration with precision geoid model.