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目的探讨山东省非洲输入性恶性疟的流行病学和临床特征及早期诊断、治疗的方法。方法回顾性分析山东省寄生虫病防治研究所2013-2014年收治的2例输入性恶性疟疾患者的流行病学资料特征、临床表现、实验室检查、诊治情况及预后判断。结果临床确诊的2例输入性恶性疟疾患者均有蚊虫叮咬史,均有发热、贫血、血小板减少、肝功能损害。1例发生死亡,1例经抗疟治疗后治愈出院。结论输入性恶性疟患者临床表现复杂,早期进行外周血涂片检查,及时诊断、合理的处理是治疗输入性恶性疟疾的关键。蒿甲醚联合伯氨喹对输入性恶性疟疾有显著的临床疗效,可避免凶险性疟疾的发生。
Objective To explore the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of imported falciparum malaria and its early diagnosis and treatment in Shandong Province. Methods The epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, diagnosis and treatment and prognosis of 2 imported patients with imported malaria were retrospectively analyzed from 2013 to 2014 in Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases. Results The 2 clinically diagnosed patients with imported malaria had history of mosquito bites. All of them had fever, anemia, thrombocytopenia and liver damage. One patient died and one patient was cured after being treated with malaria. Conclusions The clinical manifestations of enteric falciparum malaria are complicated. Early examination of peripheral blood smear, timely diagnosis and reasonable treatment are the key points for the treatment of imported malaria. Artemether combined with primaquine has significant clinical efficacy against imported malaria and can prevent the occurrence of dangerous malaria.