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3,4-二羟基苯乙酮(DHAP)是天山云杉(Picea schrenkiana ssp.tianschanica)叶和凋落物中存在的主要自毒物质,是导致天山云杉林天然更新障碍的原因之一。为了解释自毒物质发生作用的生理机制,该文设计多个浓度梯度的DHAP溶液处理天山云杉种子,以发芽率和发芽势为种子萌发参数,运用反相超高效液相色谱(UPLC)分析技术,检测了种子萌发过程中内源植物激素玉米素(ZT)、赤霉素(GA3)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)和脱落酸(ABA)含量水平的变化。研究结果表明:DHAP处理对天山云杉种子萌发影响具有浓度效应,表现为5.0 mmol·L–1>0.1 mmol·L–1>1.0 mmol·L–1>对照,即5.0 mmol·L–1DHAP处理组对种子萌发的抑制作用最强、0.1 mmol·L–1DHAP处理组次之、1.0 mmol·L–1DHAP处理组最弱;DHAP处理组的种子内源ZT、GA3浓度水平降低,ABA含量升高,GA3浓度峰值出现时间延迟,IAA浓度在高浓度(5.0 mmol·L–1DHAP)处理组短时间内(3–6天)过量积累,1.0和5.0 mmol·L–1DHAP处理组的种子内源ABA浓度峰值出现时间延迟;DHAP处理种子萌发1–6天时,ZT/(GA3+IAA)比值降低,IAA/ZT、ABA/ZT比值增大;ABA/(ZT+GA3+IAA)比值在0.1 mmol·L–1DHAP处理组增大,在5.0mmol·L–1DHAP处理组降低。DHAP处理引发种子内源激素含量水平及激素含量间比值变化,可能是抑制、延迟天山云杉种子萌发的主要原因。
3,4-Dihydroxyacetophenone (DHAP) is the major toxic substance in leaves and litter of Picea schrenkiana ssp.tianschanica, which is one of the reasons that cause the natural regeneration of Picea schrenkiana ssp.tianschanica. In order to explain the physiological mechanism of the action of toxic substances, we designed a series of DHAP solution with different concentration gradients to treat the seed of Spruce Tianshan. The germination rate and germination energy were used as seed germination parameters. By reversed-phase ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) (ZT), gibberellin (GA3), indoleacetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) in seed germination were detected. The results showed that: DHAP treatment had a concentration-effect effect on seed germination of Picea crassifolia, which showed that 5.0 mmol·L-1> 0.1 mmol·L-1> 1.0 mmol·L-1> control was 5.0 mmol·L-1DHAP The group with 0.1 mmol·L-1DHAP was the second, the group with 1.0 mmol·L-1DHAP was the weakest. The concentration of endogenous ZT and GA3 was decreased and the content of ABA was increased , The peak of GA3 appeared time delay. IAA concentration was over-accumulated in a short time (3-6 days) in high concentration (5.0 mmol·L-1DHAP) treatment groups. The ratio of ZA / ZT and ABA / ZT was increased, and the ratio of ABA / (ZT + GA3 + IAA) was between 0.1 mmol · L-1DHAP treatment group increased in 5.0mmol · L-1DHAP treatment group decreased. The change of the ratio of endogenous hormones and hormones induced by DHAP may be the main reason for inhibiting and delaying the seed germination of spruce.