论文部分内容阅读
目的了解上海市中小学生预包装零食的消费现况及其特点,为开展中小学生预包装零食行为干预提供依据。方法采用横断面调查研究,分层随机抽取上海市5个区10所中小学各年级学生共1061名,其中男生543名,女生518名;采用频率问卷调查的方法,调查中小学生过去6月预包装零食的食用频率及每次平均食用量。结果排在前四位的预包装零食报告消费率依次为:糖果巧克力类(89.5%)、饼干(88.0%)、西式糕点类(85.8%)和膨化食品类(84.6%)。中小学生每天通过预包装零食摄入能量的中位数为997 kJ,蛋白质4.4g,脂肪11.7g,碳水化合物26.9g,钠232mg。通过预包装零食摄入的能量及营养素主要来源于饼干类、膨化食品类、西式糕点类、肉鱼类、豆类制品和坚果类。结论上海市中小学生预包装零食来源的能量和宏量营养素平均摄入量处在合理水平,但部分学生预包装零食摄入过多。学校、营养健康工作者及家长应相互沟通,帮助中小学生合理地选择预包装零食。
Objective To understand the consumption status and characteristics of pre-packaged snacks for primary and secondary students in Shanghai and provide the basis for the intervention of pre-packaged snack behaviors among primary and secondary students. Methods A total of 1061 students of all grades from 10 primary and secondary schools in 5 districts of Shanghai were selected by stratified study. Among them, 543 were boys and 518 were girls. The frequency of questionnaires was used to investigate the prevalence of primary and secondary school students’ The consumption of packaged snacks and the average consumption of each. The results showed that the consumption rate of the top four pre-packaged snacks reported as follows: confectionery chocolate (89.5%), biscuit (88.0%), western pastry (85.8%) and puffed food (84.6%). The median daily energy intake of primary and secondary school students through pre-packaged snacks was 997 kJ, protein 4.4g, fat 11.7g, carbohydrates 26.9g and sodium 232mg. The energy and nutrients consumed through prepackaged snacks are mainly derived from biscuits, puffed foods, western pastries, meat fish, legumes and nuts. Conclusion The average intake of energy and macronutrients of prepackaged snacks in Shanghai is at a reasonable level, but some students pre-packaged snacks too much. Schools, nutrition and health workers and parents should communicate with each other to help primary and secondary school students to choose pre-packaged snacks reasonably.