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实用文,是以实际应用为目的,有比较固定的格式,语言平实、规范、典雅,直接用于处理公私事务的文章。实用文也叫应用文,这是一个与文学相对的概念。目前,我国从初中、中等学校一直到高等学校都开设了实用文写作课。按理说,经过长时间的严格训练,学生的实用文写作水平应该比较高,至少也是合格的。可事实却不尽如人意。为什么会出现如此严重的高耗低效现象呢?笔者以为原因有二:一是,对实用文写作的价值、地位以及与文学文写作的关系认识不清;二是,偏离了实用文要与阅读对象实现良好沟通的主旨,陷入了单纯的为格式而格式的教学模式。对此,笔者在教学中进行了一些尝试,在解决上述问题中有如下心得。
Practical, practical purposes for the purpose of a more fixed format, language, standard, elegant, direct use of public-private affair to deal with the article. Practical text is also called application text, which is a relative concept of literature. At present, our country has opened practical practical writing courses from junior high schools and secondary schools to colleges and universities. Logically speaking, after a long period of rigorous training, the practical writing of students should be relatively high, at least pass. But the fact is not satisfactory. Why is there such a serious phenomenon of high consumption and low efficiency? I think there are two reasons: First, the value of practical writing, status and literary writing is not clear understanding of the relationship between the second is deviated from the practical and Reading objects to achieve the purpose of good communication, plunged into a simple format for the format of the teaching model. In this regard, the author made some attempts in teaching, in solving the above problems have the following experience.