作者对经组织学证实诊断的645例膀肮、输尿管或肾的移行细胞癌病人作了回顾性研究,其中48例(7.4%)为同时和异时发生或两种情况均存在的重复肿瘤。平均随访81个月,最少1年,26例随访至死亡。多数病人没有定期的进行尿路造影,一般因血尿或尿细胞学阳性时行IVU。尿细胞学检查一般每6个月1次共2年,此后每年1次。膀胱镜检查,9例每半年1次,7例每年1次,1例每3个 We retrospectively reviewed 645 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, ureter or kidney diagnosed histologically. Forty-eight (7.4%) of these patients had recurrent tumors that occurred both simultaneously and in different times or in both cases. The average follow-up of 81 months, at least 1 year, 26 cases were followed up to death. Most patients do not have regular urography, usually because of hematuria or urinary cytology positive IVU. Urine cytology usually once every 6 months for a total of 2 years, thereafter once a year. Cystoscopy, 9 cases every 6 months, 7 cases once a year, 1 case every 3 months