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线粒体是细胞供能代谢中心,同时也是众多环境化学外源物毒害作用的优先靶标。线粒体损伤包括形态结构破坏、线粒体DNA突变、ATP合成受限、钙稳态失衡、氧化应激产物积聚及代谢功能障碍。线粒体呼吸链已经被广泛证实是活性氧产生的最主要来源,过多产生的超氧化物若未被内源性抗氧化剂或相关酶清除,便会导致线粒体的氧化应激损伤和功能障碍,从而引发细胞死亡等多种病变。
Mitochondria are the centers for cell energy metabolism and are also the priority targets for the toxic effects of many environmental chemical exogenous species. Mitochondrial damage includes morphological damage, mutations in mitochondrial DNA, limited ATP synthesis, imbalance of calcium homeostasis, accumulation of oxidative stress products, and metabolic dysfunction. Mitochondrial respiratory chain has been widely confirmed to be the most important source of reactive oxygen species. Excessive production of superoxide, if not eliminated by endogenous antioxidants or related enzymes, leads to mitochondrial oxidative stress damage and dysfunction. Lead to cell death and other diseases.