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长三角地区作为我国经济最为发达的地区之一,改革开放以来,城镇私营与个体经济部门发展迅速,创造了大量就业机会。城镇私营与个体经济部门由于聚集了大量的低工资劳动者,因此受最低工资政策的影响可能也会最大。人们常常担心,最低工资政策会造成城镇私营与个体部门的失业。本文选取长三角地区25个城市1994年至2013年的面板数据,分析发现,最低工资不仅不会降低反而能促进城镇私营和个体部门的就业。这意味着,最低工资的影响可能确实存在着异质性,对不同地区、行业、企业影响可能不同。在长三角地区,经济发展迅速,最低工资水平低,最低工资带来的成本压力很容易被企业消化吸收。另一方面,最低工资还起到了信号传递作用,能促进外来劳动力的流入。因此,在长三角地区,为了改善居民收入分配状况,可以适度提高最低工资标准。
Since the reform and opening up, the Yangtze River Delta region, one of the economically developed regions in our country, has enjoyed rapid development in private and individual urban sectors and created a large number of employment opportunities. The private and individual sectors of the urban economy may also be affected by the policy of the minimum wage due to the accumulation of a large number of low-wage workers. People are often concerned that the minimum wage policy will result in unemployment in urban private and private sectors. This paper selects the panel data of 25 cities in the Yangtze River Delta from 1994 to 2013 and finds that the minimum wage will not only reduce but instead promote the employment of urban private and individual sectors. This means that the impact of the minimum wage may indeed be heterogeneous and may affect different regions, industries and enterprises differently. In the Yangtze River Delta, economic development is rapid with low minimum wage and the cost pressures brought by the minimum wage are easily digested and absorbed by enterprises. On the other hand, the minimum wage also plays a signaling role in promoting the inflow of migrant workers. Therefore, in the Yangtze River Delta region, in order to improve the income distribution of residents, the minimum wage can be modestly raised.