清廷详备的军马系统与州县马政经营管理体制有极大关联,二者形成彼此互依之势。一方面,州县有效的马政治理是清初马政强盛的重大依赖;另一方面,州县马政治理环节出现的腐败,也是清初马政得中有失的部分造因。概言之,清初马政,有得亦有失,但马政之得依然大于失。清末,清廷难以回应时代变幻风潮,马政渐趋废弛以致退出历史舞台。清人向来以“骑射”著称于世,魏源曾说满族以“城郭土著射猎之国”著称。清朝统治者也曾强 The detailed military system of the Qing court and the state and county management system has a great deal of horse government, the two form mutual interdependence. On the one hand, the effective political management of the state and county government was a major reliance of the Great Masiah in early Qing Dynasty. On the other hand, the corruption in the political system of the state government was also partly caused by the failure of the Masamori era. In short, the horse government in the early Qing Dynasty had gains and losses, but Ma Zhengzhi still outweighed its losses. In the late Qing Dynasty, the Qing court was unable to respond to the changing trend of the times. As a result, Ma Zheng gradually abated so as to withdraw from the historical stage. Qing people have always been known as “riding and shooting”, Wei Yuan once said that the Manchus are famous for “the land of the indigenous hunting and hunting of the ancient city and castle”. The Qing rulers have also strong