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中草药中,具有抗癌作用的植物其活性成分属生物碱类者为数最多。有50多科,120多属,多数为双子叶植物,而闽台两省有30多科,近100个属。这类植物多具苦味,有些极苦而辛辣,大多具有强生理活性,是目前有希望的一类抗癌成分。且多具有解毒、消肿、祛淤、镇痛、抗凝、利尿、排脓和治蛇咬伤等作用。现按其生物碱的分类和植物科属,分别加以介绍。一、异喹啉类生物碱这类生物碱广泛存在于防己科植物,从汉防已(Stepbania tetrnda S·Moore)和桐叶千金藤(S·hernandifo1ia(Wild.) Walp.)分离出的防已碱(Tetrandrin)对瓦克氏癌瘤-256有显著作用。治疗指数>2,对KB细胞也有抑制作用,国外已进入临床试用。汉防己在福建民间称倒地拱、山乌龟、金线吊葫芦,有清热解毒、祛风镇痛的功能,而且常用于毒蛇咬伤。台湾也叫山乌
Among the Chinese herbal medicines, plants with anti-cancer activity have the largest number of active ingredients in the alkaloid category. There are more than 50 families and more than 120 genera, most of which are dicotyledonous plants, while there are more than 30 families and nearly 100 genera in Fujian and Taiwan. Many of these plants have a bitter taste, some are extremely bitter and spicy, and most of them have strong physiological activity. They are currently promising anti-cancer components. And many have the role of detoxification, swelling, silt, analgesia, anticoagulation, diuretic, discharge pus and treatment of snake bites. According to their alkaloid classification and plant genera, they are introduced separately. Isoquinoline alkaloids These alkaloids are widely found in plants of the genus Mydae, isolated from Stepbania tetrnda S. Moore and S. hernandifo1ia (Wild.) Walp. Tetrandrin has a significant effect on WACKER’S CANCER-256. Therapeutic index > 2, also inhibited KB cells, has entered clinical trials abroad. Han Fang has been known in Fujian folk to fall to the ground arch, mountain turtles, gold wire hoist, there Qingrejiedu, hurricane analgesic function, and often used in snake bites. Taiwan is also called Shanwu.