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2015年年初召开的中拉论坛首届部长级会议为中拉关系和经贸合作确立了基本方针。然而,中拉之间相距遥远,加之历史文化背景和经济发展模式差异较大,因此中拉经济发展战略如何有效对接一直是摆在学界和政策决策者面前的一个重大课题。本文从20世纪60年代以来较长时间跨度数据入手,对比分析了中拉经济发展历程和互补性特征,提供了双方经济发展战略对接的客观基础。鉴于拉美是一个具有相对先发优势的中等收入发展中地区,与亚非等传统发展中国家相比具有一定的特殊性,中国在与其合作过程中应充分尊重对方意愿和实际诉求,理性、稳步推进。在中拉双方均处于经济结构调整与转型的背景下,中拉经济发展战略对接面临难得的机遇和合作空间,贸易和投资作为实现对接的“双驱动”引擎将发挥重要作用;对接过程应坚持以市场化导向为主的运作理念,力求推动中拉合作向着理性、稳健和可持续方向发展。
The first ministerial meeting of China-Latinza Forum held in early 2015 set the basic principle for China-Latin America relations and economic and trade cooperation. However, the long distance between China and Latin America and the great differences between the historical and cultural backgrounds and economic development modes make it a major issue that academics and policymakers face before how the economic development strategy of China and Latin America is effectively linked. This article starts with the data of a longer time span since the 1960s, compares and analyzes the course of economic development and complementarity between China and Latin America, and provides an objective basis for the docking of economic development strategies. Given that Latin America is a relatively middle-income developing region with comparatively first-mover advantages and has certain particularities compared with traditional developing countries such as Asia and Africa, China should rationally and steadily promote its willingness and actual aspirations in its cooperation process with full respect . Under the background that both China and Latin America are in the process of economic restructuring and transformation, China-Latin America economic development strategy will face rare opportunities and cooperation space, and trade and investment will play an important role as the “dual drive” engine for docking. The docking process Should adhere to the market-oriented operating concept, and strive to promote cooperation in a rational, steady and sustainable development.