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在我国现行宪法文本中,有两处提及公共利益。第一处是“国家为了公共利益的需要,可以依照法律规定对土地实行征收或者征用并给予补偿。”(第十条第二款)另一处是“国家为了公共利益的需要,可以依照法律规定对公民的私有财产实行征收或者征用并给予补偿。”(第十三条第二款)在不同的话语体系中,对同一概念有不同的界定和解释。在宪法学视角下如何界定和解释“公共利益”这一概念,学界至今尚未形成定论。文章以此为由,对近年来宪法学视阈下公共利益的相关研究进行较为全面的梳理,并得出初步的结论。
In our current constitutional text, there are two references to the public interest. The first is that “for the sake of the public interest, the state may impose and give compensation to the land according to the law.” (Article 10, paragraph 2) The other is “the state needs for the public interest, It may, in accordance with the law, impose or requisition the private property of citizens and give compensation. ”(Article 13, paragraph 2) In different discourse systems, the same concept is defined and explained differently. Under the perspective of constitutional law, how to define and explain the concept of “public interest” has not yet reached a conclusion. Based on this, the article makes a comprehensive review of the related research on the public interest under the threshold of constitutionalism in recent years, and draws the preliminary conclusions.