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立方氮化硼(CBN)刀具在加工合金铸铁的实际切削中破损问题十分严重。生产中要求找出有效措施以改变这种现象。本文根据弹性力学的原理,推导出了刃口区的应力分布,并在此基础上进行了光弹性模拟试验和实际切削试验。理论推导与试验结果基本吻合。当其它切削条件一定时,刀具前角由正值变为负值时,极限应力点由拉应力区移向压应力区,并根据实测数据计算出径向应力由正值变为负值。用两种不同前角的CBN刀具加工同一根合金铸铁,无论从刀具寿命或破损率及形貌上均可表明,采用本文给出的几何参数的合理性,从而找出了合理的前角数值。此外,论述了选取负倒棱的必要性。为进一步研究CBN刀具的切削性能和破损机理奠定了基础。
Cubic boron nitride (CBN) tool in the processing of alloy cast iron in the actual cutting damage is very serious. Production requires the identification of effective measures to change this phenomenon. Based on the principle of elasticity, the stress distribution in the edge region is deduced. Based on this, the photoelastic simulation test and actual cutting test are carried out. Theoretical deduction and experimental results are basically consistent. When the other cutting conditions are constant, when the tool rake angle changes from positive to negative, the ultimate stress point moves from the tensile stress zone to the compressive stress zone, and the radial stress is changed from positive to negative according to the measured data. Using two kinds of CBN tools with different rake angles to process the same alloy cast iron can show the rationality of the geometrical parameters given in this article whether it is from the tool life or the damage rate and the topography, . In addition, the necessity of choosing negative chamfering is discussed. Which laid the foundation for further research on cutting performance and damage mechanism of CBN cutting tools.