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目的探讨乳腺癌改良根治术的手术方法及术后常见并发症的原因、预防、处理方法。方法回顾性分析2009年2月-2011年12月在皖北煤电集团总医院接受乳腺癌改良根治术38例患者的临床资料,总结手术技巧及并发症的预防与处理。结果 38例患者共清扫淋巴结449枚,平均每例11.8枚,检出阳性淋巴结68枚,阳性率15.1%;术后皮瓣坏死2例(5.3%),皮瓣下积液1例(2.7%);无患侧上肢淋巴水肿和患侧上肢活动障碍;无胸壁塌陷、胸肌萎缩等并发症。结论改良根治术是目前乳腺癌外科治疗的主要方法,疗效确切;术中规范操作,术后适当加压包扎,保持负压通畅,可以有效地防治乳腺癌改良根治术后各种并发症。
Objective To investigate the surgical methods of modified radical mastectomy and the causes, prevention and treatment of common postoperative complications. Methods The clinical data of 38 patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer in Wanbei Coal and Electric General Hospital from February 2009 to December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively to summarize the prevention and treatment of surgical techniques and complications. Results A total of 449 lymph nodes were dissected in 38 patients, with an average of 11.8 cases each. 68 positive lymph nodes were detected, the positive rate was 15.1%. Skin flap necrosis was found in 2 cases (5.3%), subcutaneous flap effusion in 1 case (2.7% ); No ipsilateral upper limb lymphedema and ipsilateral upper limb movement disorders; no chest wall collapse, chest muscle atrophy and other complications. Conclusions Modified radical mastectomy is the main method of surgical treatment of breast cancer at present. The curative effect is correct. The standardized operation, appropriate pressure bandaging after operation, and the maintenance of negative pressure can effectively prevent and treat various complications after modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer.