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蛇床子为较常用中药,始载于《神农本草经》,列为上品,历代本草均有收载。现行1995年版《中国药典》收载伞形科植物蛇床Cnidium monnieri(L.)Cuss.的干燥成熟果实。笔者发现:目前市售品中有许多同科属植物混淆,如台湾蛇床子C.monnieri var.formosana (Yabe)Kitagawa、滨蛇床C.japonicum Miq.等;还有同科不同属植物果实,如旱芹Apium graveolins L.var.dulce DC.、土蛇床(粗糙独活)Heracleum scabridum Franch.。笔者试用检索表来鉴别蛇床子及其混伪品,供同行参考。
Cnidium is the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, and it was first introduced in the Shennongboshi Classic. It is listed as a top grade and has been collected from all the ancient Chinese herbs. The current 1995 edition of the “Chinese Pharmacopoeia” contains dry mature fruits of the Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss. The authors found that many of the current commercial products are confused with plants of the same family, such as C. monnieri var.formosana (Yabe) Kitagawa and C.japonicum Miq. Such as celery Apium graveolins L. var.dulce DC., Cnidium (roughly live) Heracleum scabridum Franch. I try to use the retrieval table to identify Cnidium and its adulterants for reference by peers.