一、何为“历史哲学”?“历史”一词既可以指过去发生的事件,也可以指人们对过去所发生事件的书写和思考。由此相应,“历史哲学”往往区分为两种:一种是对过去事件(也有可能扩展到将来假定会发生的事件)的意义或样式进行的哲学思考,一种是对我们如何以及应该如何思考(及书写)过去所展开的哲学分析和哲学批判。 First, what is the “philosophy of history”? “History” can refer both to the past events, people can also refer to events in the past write and reflection. Accordingly, the “philosophy of history” tends to be divided into two kinds: one is the philosophical thinking on the meaning or style of the past event (which may also be extended to events supposed to occur in the future), and one is how we and How to think (and write) the philosophical analysis and philosophical critique that has been done in the past.