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共轭聚合物因其具有π电子体系及共轭离域结构,一般都具有优异的发光性能,其发光强度和发射波长会随被检测化合物结构的不同而发生特异性响应,特别是在与被检测物相互作用过程中产生的电荷和能量能够沿共轭分子链进行有效传递,成倍放大这种作用,从而有效提高了检测灵敏度,这比相应的小分子化合物更具有优越性。目前共轭聚合物已被用于开发新型化学、生物传感器,尤其是在生物分子检测方面的应用得到迅速发展。本文总结了近年来荧光共轭聚合物在生物传感方面的研究进展,主要讨论共轭聚合物在蛋白质、核酸及毒素检测中的应用。
Conjugated polymers generally have excellent luminescence properties because of their π-electron system and conjugated delocalized structure. The luminescence intensity and emission wavelength of the conjugated polymer will respond specifically to the structure of the tested compound, The charge and energy generated during the interaction of the detection substances can be effectively transmitted along the conjugate molecular chain, multiplying this effect, thereby effectively improving the detection sensitivity, which is more advantageous than the corresponding small molecule compounds. At present, conjugated polymers have been used to develop new types of chemical and biological sensors, and their applications in biomolecule detection have been rapidly developed. This review summarizes recent advances in biosensing of conjugated polymers with fluorescence. The main applications of conjugated polymers in the detection of proteins, nucleic acids and toxins are summarized.